Festuca octoflora

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Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens from wild populations. Cultivated occurrences are not mapped. View county names by placing the cursor over the map.

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Family:	POACEAE
Species:	Festuca octoflora Walter
Common Name:	SIXWEEKS FESCUE
Status:	Native, FACU (NWPL)
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	POALES
Family	POACEAE
Genus	Festuca
Species	Festuca octoflora Walter - SIXWEEKS FESCUE

Citation

Citation	FESTUCA OCTOFLORA Walter, Fl. Carol. 81. 1788.
Basionym:	**
Type:	SOUTH CAROLINA: Richland Co.: Columbia, 13 Apr 1974, Boufford 12781 (neotype: GH). Neotypified by D. B. Ward, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 2: 477. 2008.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua	FLAS
Baker	USF
Bay	FSU
Calhoun	USF
Citrus	USF
Columbia	FLAS
Dixie	FSU
Duval	FLAS
Escambia	FLAS
Flagler	USF
Franklin	USF
Gadsden	USF
Gulf	FLAS
Hamilton	FSU
Hernando	USF
Holmes	FSU
Jackson	FSU
Jefferson	USF
Lafayette	FSU
Leon	USF
Levy	USF
Liberty	FSU
Madison	FSU
Marion	FSU
Nassau	FLAS
Okaloosa	USF
Santa Rosa	FSU
Suwannee	USF
Taylor	FSU
Volusia	NY
Wakulla	USF
Walton	USF
Washington	FSU

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Brachypodium festucoides	Brachypodium festucoides Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 95. 1821, nom. illegit.	BASIONYM: Festuca tenella Willdenow 1797.
Festuca octoflora subsp. hirtella	Festuca octoflora Walter, subsp. hirtella Piper, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 12. 1906.		TYPE: ARIZONA: Pima Co.: Santa Catalina Mts., s.d., Shear 1962 (holotype: US).
Festuca octoflora var. hirtella	Festuca octoflora Walter, var. hirtella (Piper) Hitchcock, Man. Grasses U.S. 860. 1935.	BASIONYM: Festuca octoflora Walter, subsp. hirtella Piper 1906.
Festuca octoflora var. tenella	Festuca octoflora Walter, var. tenella (Willdenow) Fernald, Rhodora 34: 209. 1932.	BASIONYM: Festuca tenella Willdenow 1797.
Festuca parviflora	Festuca parviflora Elliott, Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 170. 1816.		TYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA: Orangeburg Co.: Orangeburg, Apr, Bennett s.n. (holotype: CHARL).
Festuca tenella	Festuca tenella Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 1: 419. 1797.
Gnomonia octoflora	Gnomonia octoflora (Walter) Lunell, Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 224. 1915.	BASIONYM: Festuca octoflora Walter 1788.
Schedonorus tenellus	Schedonorus tenellus (Willdenow) Palisot de Beauvois, Ess. Agrostogr. 99, 163, 177. 1812.	BASIONYM: Festuca tenella Willdenow 1797.
Vulpia octoflora	Vulpia octoflora (Walter) Rydberg, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36: 538. 1909.	BASIONYM: Festuca octoflora Walter 1788.
Vulpia octoflora forma hirtella	Vulpia octoflora (Walter) Rydberg, forma hirtella (Piper) C. H. Blom, Acta Horti Gothob. 5: 89. 1930.	BASIONYM: Festuca octoflora Walter, subsp. hirtella Piper 1906.
Vulpia octoflora var. hirtella	Vulpia octoflora (Walter) Rydberg, var. hirtella (Piper)Henrard, Blumea 2: 320. 1937.	BASIONYM: Festuca octoflora Walter, subsp. hirtella Piper 1906.
Vulpia octoflora var. tenella	Vulpia octoflora (Walter) Rydberg, var. tenella (Willdenow) Fernald, Rhodora 47: 107. 1945.	BASIONYM: Festuca tenella Willdenow 1797.
Vulpia tenella	Vulpia tenella (Willdenow) Heynhold, Nomencl. Bot. 1: 854. 1840.	BASIONYM: Festuca tenella Willdenow 1797.
Diarrhena setacea	Diarrhena setacea (Poiret) Roemer & Schultes, Syst. Veg. 1: 289. 1817.	BASIONYM: Festuca setacea Poiret 1811.
Festuca gracilenta	Festuca gracilenta Buckley, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 97. 1862.		TYPE: TEXAS: "Northern Texas", without data, Buckley s.n. (holotype: PH).
Festuca octoflora var. aristulata	Festuca octoflora Walter, var. aristulata Torrey ex L. H. Dewey, in J. M. Coulter, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 2: 547. 1894.		TYPE: TEXAS: Without data, 1890, Nealley s.n. (holotype: US).
Festuca octoflora var. glauca	Festuca octoflora Walter, var. glauca (Nuttall) Fernald, Rhodora 34: 209. 1932.	BASIONYM: Festuca tenella Willdenow, var. glauca Nuttall 1837.
Festuca pusilla	Festuca pusilla Buckley, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 98. 1862.		TYPE: CALIFORNIA: "Upper California", without data, Nuttall s.n. (holotype: PH).
Festuca setacea	Festuca setacea Poiret, in Lamarck, Encycl., Suppl. 2: 638. 1811.		TYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA:
Festuca tenella var. glauca	Festuca tenella Willdenow, var. glauca Nuttall, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. 5: 147. 1837.		TYPE: ARKANSAS: Sebastian Co.: Fort Smith, s.d., Nuttall s.n. (holotype: PH).
Vulpia antofagastensis	Vulpia antofagastensis Parodi, Revista Argent. Agron. 23: 86. 1956.		TYPE: CHILE: Antofagasta: La Chimba, 26 Sep 1941, Barros 1217 (holotype: ?).
Vulpia octoflora var. glauca	Vulpia octoflora (Walter) Rydberg, var. glauca (Nuttall) Fernald, Rhodora 47: 107. 1945.	BASIONYM: Festuca tenella Willdenow, var. glauca Nuttall 1837.

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen
USA	Florida	Jefferson Co.	14 Apr 1989	R. K. Godfrey 83080
USA	Florida	Suwannee Co.	18 Apr 1992	R. Mears s.n.
USA	Florida	Flagler Co.	18 Mar 2003	C. Slaughter 13741
USA	Florida	Levy Co.	21 Apr 1984	R. P. Wunderlin 9487
USA	Florida	Hernando Co.	12 Apr 1986	C. vanHoek s.n.
USA	Florida	Levy Co.	15 Apr 1986	B. F. Hansen 10959
USA	Florida	Wakulla Co.	21 Apr 1974	R. K. Godfrey 74413
USA	Florida	Leon Co.	14 Mar 1957	R. K. Godfrey 55419a
USA	Florida	Franklin Co.	19 Apr 1975	J. E. Poppleton s.n.
USA	Florida	Gadsden Co.	May 1843	F. I. X. Rugel s.n.
USA	Florida	Citrus Co.	16 Apr 1963	O. K. Lakela 25815
USA	Florida	Okaloosa Co.	14 Mar 1982	G. Wilhelm 9908
USA	Florida	Walton Co.	14 Mar 1982	G. Wilhelm 9918
USA	Florida	Walton Co.	01 May 1982	R. P. Wunderlin 9346
USA	Florida	Baker Co.	18 Apr 2012	W. D. Longbottom 17073
USA	Florida	Calhoun Co.	10 May 2015	T. MacClendon 1416
USA	Georgia	Chatham Co.	04 May 1959	G. R. Swank 578
USA	South Carolina	Beaufort Co.	22 Apr 1917	C. F. Batchelder 4750
USA	Mississippi	Perry Co.	07 Apr 1955	J. D. Ray, Jr. 4233
USA	Louisiana	Richland Par.	10 May 1967	R. D. Thomas 2679
USA	Georgia	Charlton Co.	19 Apr 1995	C. vanHoek 446
USA	Georgia	Chatham Co.	14 May 1960	G. R. Swank 748
USA	Louisiana	Natchitoches Par.	21 Apr 1998	S. R. Hill 30032
USA	Mississippi	Oktibbeha Co.	29 Apr 1955	J. D. Ray, Jr. 4375
USA	Georgia	Chatham Co.	15 Aug 1959	G. R. Swank 117
USA	Georgia	Chatham Co.	23 Apr 1960	G. R. Swank 721
USA	Georgia	Chatham Co.	19 Apr 1959	G. R. Swank 562
USA	Georgia	Chatham Co.	13 Apr 1960	G. R. Swank 737
USA	Georgia	Pierce Co.	23 Apr 1960	G. R. Swank 723
USA	Georgia	Brantley Co.	15 Apr 1960	G. R. Swank 682
USA	Alabama	Franklin Co.	18 Apr 1955	G. R. Cooley 3553
USA	Illinois	Cass Co.	03 Jun 1997	S. R. Hill 29199
USA	Texas	Guadeloupe Co.	14 Apr 1983	R. P. Sauleda 8086
USA	Indiana	Brown Co.	May 1893	L. M. Underwood s.n.
USA	Nebraska	Arthur Co.	24 Jun 1980	L. A. Kapustka 18
USA	Texas	Denton Co.	30 Apr 1982	R. P. Sauleda 7158
USA	Illinois	Morgan Co.	17 May 1999	S. R. Hill 31475
USA	Missouri	Newton Co.	27 May 1957	E. J. Palmer 65330

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council

FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

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Filter by County - Counties to Exclude - ANY versus ALL

Any - An Any search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean Or. Plant species returned will not be found within at least one of the selected counties.
All - An All search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean And. Plant species returned will not be found within any of the selected counties.

Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen, Alan Franck, or Karla Alvarado

Web Development: USF Water Institute

A member of the University of South Florida family of PlantAtlas.org websites

Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2024. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

Only plant populations vouchered by specimens deposited in Index Herbariorum http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ recognized herbaria are represented on this map.