Ranunculus pusillus

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens from wild populations. Cultivated occurrences are not mapped. View county names by placing the cursor over the map.

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Family:	RANUNCULACEAE
Species:	Ranunculus pusillus Poir.
Common Name:	LOW SPEARWORT
Status:	Native, FACW (DEP), FACW (NWPL)
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	RANUNCULALES
Family	RANUNCULACEAE
Genus	Ranunculus
Species	Ranunculus pusillus Poir. - LOW SPEARWORT

Citation

Citation	RANUNCULUS PUSILLUS Poiret, in Lamarck, Encycl. 6: 99. 1804.
Basionym:	**
Type:	SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Bosc s.n. (holotype: P).

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua	FLAS
Bay	FSU
Calhoun	USF
Duval	USF
Escambia	FLAS
Gadsden	USF
Gulf	FSU
Hillsborough	USF
Holmes	FSU
Jackson	FLAS
Leon	USF
Liberty	FLAS
Marion	USF
Nassau	FSU
Polk	USF
Santa Rosa	USF
Wakulla	FLAS
Washington	FSU

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Ranunculus humilis	Ranunculus humilis Persoon, Syn. Pl. 2: 102. 1806, nom. illegit.	BASIONYM: Ranunculus pusillus Poiret 1804.
Ranunculus oblongifolius	Ranunculus oblongifolius Elliott, Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 58. 1821.		TYPE: GEORGIA: Chatham Co.: 12 mi. from Savannah on the Augusta Road, St. John's Berkley, s.d., Macbride s.n. (holotype: CHARL).
Ranunculus pusillus var. oblongifolius	Ranunculus pusillus Poiret, var. oblongifolius (Elliott) Torrey & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 17. 1838.	BASIONYM: Ranunculus oblongifolius Elliott 1821.
Ranunculus pusillus var. typicus	Ranunculus pusillus Poiret, var. typicus L. D. Benson, Amer. Midl. Naturalist 40: 197. 1948, nom. inadmiss.	BASIONYM: Ranunculus pusillus Poiret 1804.
Ranunculus biolettii	Ranunculus biolettii Greene, Pittonia 2: 225. 1892.		TYPE: CALIFORNIA: Sonoma Co.: Hook's Peak, 1 May 1889, Bioletti s.n. (holotype: NDG).
Ranunculus pusillus var. angustifolius	Ranunculus pusillus Poiret, var. angustifolius (Engelmann) L. D. Benson, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 310. 1942.	BASIONYM: Ranunculus trachyspermus Engelmann, var. angustifolius Engelmann 1845.
Ranunculus pusillus var. lindheimeri	Ranunculus pusillus Poiret, var. lindheimeri (Engelmann) A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 21: 367. 1886.	BASIONYM: Ranunculus trachyspermus Engelmann, var. lindheimeri Engelmann 1845.
Ranunculus pusillus var. muticus	Ranunculus pusillus Poiret, var. muticus Torrey & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 17. 1838.		TYPE: NEW YORK: Without data, Torrey s.n. (lectotype: NY). Lectotypified by L. D. Benson, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 310. 1942.
Ranunculus tener	Ranunculus tener C. Mohr, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 6: 513. 1901.	BASIONYM: Ranunculus trachyspermus Engelmann 1845, non Elliott 1821.
Ranunculus trachyspermus	Ranunculus trachyspermus Engelmann, in Engelmann & A. Gray, Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 211. 1845, non Elliott 1821.		TYPE: TEXAS: Harris Co.: Near Houston,
Ranunculus trachyspermus var. angustifolius	Ranunculus trachyspermus Engelmann, var. angustifolius Engelmann, in Engelmann & A. Gray, Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 211. 1845.
Ranunculus trachyspermus var. lindheimeri	Ranunculus trachyspermus Engelmann, var. lindheimeri Engelmann, in Engelmann & A. Gray, Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5: 211. 1845.		TYPE: TEXAS: Harris Co.: Near Houston, 1843, Lindheimer s.n. (holotype: MO; isotype: GH).

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen	Notes
USA	Florida	Santa Rosa Co.	25 Mar 1956	R. K. Godfrey 54534
USA	Florida	Leon Co.	27 Mar 1960	R. K. Godfrey 59368
USA	Florida	Calhoun Co.	13 Mar 2008	T. MacClendon 755
USA	Florida	Gadsden Co.	01 Apr 1982	D. S. Correll 53529
USA	Florida	Duval Co.	29 Mar 1982	D. S. Correll 53439
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	03 Apr 2008	J. M. Kunzer 2320
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	22 Mar 2006	C. vanHoek HR0436
USA	Florida	Marion Co.	29 Jan 2006	J. Hubbard 314
USA	Louisiana	Allen Par.	07 Apr 1977	C. M. Allen 7665
USA	Louisiana	St. Tammany Par.	16 Apr 1972	Meynard 137	"Buttercup."
USA	South Carolina	Richland Co.	29 Apr 2016	J. B. Nelson 35115
USA	Alabama	Baldwin Co.	18 Mar 1981	G. Wilhelm 8648
USA	Arkansas	Crittenden Co.	08 May 1937	D. Demaree 14881
USA	Louisiana	Ouachita Par.	04 Feb 1967	R. D. Thomas 1590
USA	Mississippi	Webster Co.	22 Apr 1955	J. D. Ray, Jr. 4334
USA	Mississippi	Webster Co.	22 Apr 1955	J. D. Ray, Jr. 4333
USA	Mississippi	Oktibbeha Co.	07 May 1957	J. D. Ray, Jr. 8045
USA	Mississippi	Pike Co.	22 Mar 1957	G. R. Cooley 7866
USA	Mississippi	Stone Co.	14 Mar 1957	J. D. Ray, Jr. 7729
USA	Mississippi	Lauderdale Co.	01 Apr 1946	J. D. Ray, Jr. s.n.
USA	South Carolina	Laurens Co.	24 Apr 1992	S. R. Hill 22968
USA	Louisiana	Iberia Par.	18 Apr 1980	K. A. Vincent 3552
USA	South Carolina	Charleston Co.	17 Apr 1993	S. R. Hill 24911
USA	Louisiana	Ouachita Par.	14 Apr 1998	S. R. Hill 29910
USA	North Carolina	Camden Co.	11 May 1958	H. E. Ahles 40100
USA	Alabama	Colbert Co.	17 Apr 1955	G. R. Cooley 3506
USA	Mississippi	Warren Co.	25 Mar 1956	G. R. Cooley 3314
USA	Louisiana	St. Landry Par.	02 May 1955	G. R. Cooley 4140
USA	South Carolina	Abbeville Co.	25 Apr 1999	S. R. Hill 31417
USA	Illinois	Alexander Co.	03 May 2000	S. R. Hill 32287
USA	Oklahoma	McCurtain Co.	16 Apr 1966	J. M. Stewart 241
USA	North Carolina	Cabarrus Co.	14 Apr 2002	S. R. Hill 34498
USA	Missouri	Butler Co.	17 Apr 2004	S. R. Hill 35848
USA	Texas	Gonzales Co.	11 Apr 1926	E. R. B
USA	Virginia	Princess Anne Co.	05 May 1935	M. L. Fernald 4393
USA	Virginia	Norfolk Co.	07 May 1935	M. L. Fernald 4397
USA	Oklahoma	McCurtain Co.	19 Apr 1969	U. T. Waterfall 17407

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council

FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

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Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen, Alan Franck, or Karla Alvarado

Web Development: USF Water Institute

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Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2024. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

Only plant populations vouchered by specimens deposited in Index Herbariorum http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ recognized herbaria are represented on this map.