Wisteria frutescens

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens from wild populations. Cultivated occurrences are not mapped. View county names by placing the cursor over the map.

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Family:	FABACEAE
Species:	Wisteria frutescens (L.)Poir.
Common Name:	AMERICAN WISTERIA
Status:	Native, FACW (NWPL)
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	FABALES
Family	FABACEAE
Genus	Wisteria
Species	Wisteria frutescens (L.)Poir. - AMERICAN WISTERIA

Citation

Citation	WISTERIA FRUTESCENS (Linnaeus) Poiret, in Lamarck, Tabl. Encycl. 3: 674. 1823.
Basionym:	Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753.
Type:	SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data (lectotype: Miller, Cat. Pl. t. 15. 1730). Lectotypified by Reveal, in Turland & C. E. Jarvis, Taxon 46: 470. 1997.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua	FLAS
Baker	FLAS
Bay	FSU
Calhoun	USF
Clay	USF
Columbia	FLAS
Dixie	FLAS
Escambia	USF
Franklin	FLAS
Gadsden	USF
Gilchrist	USF
Hamilton	FLAS
Holmes	FLAS
Jackson	FLAS
Jefferson	FSU
Lafayette	FSU
Leon	USF
Levy	FLAS
Liberty	FSU
Nassau	FLAS
Okaloosa	USF
Orange	FLAS
Santa Rosa	USF
Wakulla	FSU
Walton	USF

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Apios frutescens	Apios frutescens (Linnaeus) Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 474. 1814.	BASIONYM: Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753.
Beadlea frutescens	Beadlea frutescens (Linnaeus) Britton, Man. Fl. N. States 549. 1901.	BASIONYM: Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753.
Beadlea macrostachya	Beadlea macrostachya (Torrey & A. Gray) Small ex Britton, Man. Fl. N. States 549. 1901.	BASIONYM: Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. macrostachya Torrey & A. Gray 1838.
Glycine frutescens	Glycine frutescens Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 753. 1753.		TYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data (lectotype: Miller, Cat. Pl. t. 15. 1730). Lectotypified by Reveal, in Turland & C. E. Jarvis, Taxon 46: 470. 1997.
Kraunhia frutescens	Kraunhia frutescens (Linnaeus) Rafinesque ex Greene, Pittonia 2: 175. 1891.	BASIONYM: Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753.
Kraunhia macrostachya	Kraunhia macrostachya (Torrey & A. Gray) Small, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 134 1898.	BASIONYM: Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. macrostachya Torrey & A. Gray 1838.
Phaseoloides frutescens	Phaseoloides frutescens (Linnaeus) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 201. 1891.	BASIONYM: Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753.
Phaseolus frutescens	Phaseolus frutescens (Linnaeus) Eaton & J. Wright, Man. Bot., ed. 8. 354. 1840.	BASIONYM: Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753.
Thyrsanthus floridanus	Thyrsanthus floridanus Croom, Amer. J. Sci. Arts 25: 75. 1834.		TYPE: FLORIDA: Without data, Chapman Herb. s.n. (neotype: GH). Neotypified by Compton, Curtis's Bot. Mag. 32: 240-241. 2015.
Thyrsanthus frutescens	Thyrsanthus frutescens (Linnaeus) Elliott, J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1: 371. 1818.	BASIONYM: Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753.
Wisteria frutescens var. macrostachya	Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. macrostachya Torrey & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 283. 1838.		TYPE: LOUISIANA:
Wisteria macrostachya	Wisteria macrostachya (Torrey & A. Gray) Nuttall ex B. L. Robinson & Fernald, in A. Gray, Manual, ed. 7. 515. 1908.	BASIONYM: Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. macrostachya Torrey & A. Gray 1838.
Wisteria speciosa	Wisteria speciosa Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 116. 1818, nom. illegit.	BASIONYM: Glycine frutescens Linnaeus 1753.
Diplonyx elegans	Diplonyx elegans Rafinesque, Fl. Ludov. 101. 1817.		TYPE: LOUISIANA: Rapides Par.: Alexandria, s.d., Hale s.n. (neotype: P). Neotypified by Compton, Curtis's Bot. Mag. 32: 239. 2015.
Wisteria frutescens forma nivea	Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, forma nivea (Lescuyer) Zabel, in Beissner et al., Handb. Laubholzben. 270. 1903.	BASIONYM: Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. nivea Lescuyer 1854.
Wisteria frutescens var. albolilacina	Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. albolilacina Dippel, Handb. Laubholzk. 3: 695. 1893.
Wisteria frutescens var. nivea	Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. nivea Lescuyer, Horticulteur Franc. 4: 251. 1854.
Wisteria macrostachya forma albolilacina	Wisteria macrostachya (Torrey & A. Gray) Nuttall ex B. L. Robinson & Fernald, forma albolilicina (Dippel) Rehder, J. Arnold Arbor. 7: 149. 1926.	BASIONYM: Wisteria frutescens (Linnaeus) Poiret, var. albolilicina Dippel 1893.

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen	Notes
USA	Florida	Walton Co.	3 May 1982	D. S. Correll 53906
USA	Florida	Escambia Co.	15 Apr 1977	G. Wilhelm 3217
USA	Florida	Walton Co.	19 Apr 1982	D. S. Correll 53758
USA	Florida	Gilchrist Co.	28 Apr 1961	G. R. Cooley 8184
USA	Florida	Gadsden Co.	19 Apr 1957	J. P. Gillespie 761
USA	Florida	Leon Co.	19 May 1976	J. C. Solomon 2084
USA	Florida	Santa Rosa Co.	16 May 1983	G. Wilhelm 11410
USA	Florida	Walton Co.	15 May 1983	G. Wilhelm 11377
USA	Florida	Okaloosa Co.	18 May 1983	G. Wilhelm 11464
USA	Florida	Clay Co.	14 May 2008	C. Slaughter 16494
USA	Florida	Calhoun Co.	02 May 2010	T. MacClendon 1004
USA	California	Alameda Co.		unknown s.n.	CULTIVATED; sent for identification by Toichi Domoto.
USA	Florida	Hernando Co.	Jun 1971	D. Burch 4915	CULTIVATED.
USA	North Carolina	Durham Co.	14 May 1964	W. L. Culberson s.n.
USA	Georgia	Long Co.	10 Apr 1963	J. R. Bozeman 2552
USA	Alabama	Geneva Co.	27 Apr 1969	R. Kral 34566
USA	South Carolina	Berkeley Co.	27 Apr 1992	S. R. Hill 23012
USA	Georgia	Camden Co.	24 May 1969	W. H. Duncan 23280
USA	South Carolina	Williamsburg Co.	21 Apr 1957	A. E. Radford 21393
USA	Louisiana	Vernon Par.	26 Apr 1955	G. R. Cooley 3813
USA	Louisiana	Vernon Par.	30 Apr 1955	G. R. Cooley 4052
USA	Mississippi	Tishomingo Co.	16 May 1979	K. E. Rogers 46633
USA	South Carolina	Oconee Co.	11 May 1989	S. R. Hill 20546
USA	Maryland	Prince George Co.	24 May 1983	S. R. Hill 12706	Probable escape from cultivation.
USA	Illinois	Pulaski Co.	22 Jun 1999	S. R. Hill 31749

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council

FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

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Filter by County - Counties to Exclude - ANY versus ALL

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Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen, Alan Franck, or Karla Alvarado

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Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2024. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

Only plant populations vouchered by specimens deposited in Index Herbariorum http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ recognized herbaria are represented on this map.