Imperata cylindrica

Family:POACEAE
Species:Imperata cylindrica (L.)P.Beauv.
Common Name:COGONGRASS
Plant Notes:Imperata cylindrica was cultivated in Florida in 1937, and was naturalized by the 1950s in Hernando and Walton counties. Analyses by Burrell et al. (2015) suggest that one clonal lineage (CL2, possibly from the Philippines) is predominant in Florida, with another (CL1, possibly from southern Japan) present in the panhandle.
Status:Not Native, FISC(I), UPL (NWPL)
Specimen: View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order POALES
FamilyPOACEAE
Genus Imperata
Species Imperata cylindrica (L.)P.Beauv. - COGONGRASS

Citation

Citation IMPERATA CYLINDRICA (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois, Ess. Agrostogr. 8, 165, 177. 1812.
Basionym: Lagurus cylindricus Linnaeus 1759.
Type: ITALY: Without data (lectotype: LINN 96.2). Lectotypified by Clayton & Renvoize, in Polhill, Fl. Trop. E. Afr., Gramineae 3: 700. 1982.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

CountyHerbariaLiterature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua FLAS  
Bay FLAS  
Bradford PIHG  
Brevard USF  
Broward PIHG  
Calhoun USF  
Charlotte USF  
Citrus USF  
Clay USF  
Collier USF  
DeSoto USF  
Dixie PIHG  
Duval PIHG  
Escambia FSU  
Flagler USF  
Franklin FSU  
Gadsden FSU  
Gilchrist FLAS  
Glades PIHG  
Gulf FSU  
Hardee USF  
Hendry FTG  
Hernando USF  
Highlands USF  
Hillsborough USF  
Holmes FSU  
Indian River PIHG  
Jackson FSU  
Jefferson FSU  
Lafayette PIHG  
Lake USF  
Lee USF  
Leon FLAS  
Levy PIHG  
Liberty FSU  
Madison FSU  
Manatee USF  
Marion USF  
Martin USF  
Miami-Dade USF  
Monroe Mainland USF  
Nassau FSU  
Okeechobee USF  
Orange USF  
Osceola USF  
Palm Beach USF  
Pasco USF  
Pinellas USF  
Polk USF  
Putnam PIHG  
Sarasota USF  
Seminole USF  
St. Johns PIHG  
St. Lucie USF  
Sumter PIHG  
Suwannee PIHG  
Taylor FSU  
Volusia USF  
Wakulla FSU  
Walton FSU  
Washington USF  

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Calamagrostis lagurus Calamagrostis lagurus Koeler, Descr. Gram. 112. 1802, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Lagurus cylindricus Linnaeus 1759. 
Imperata arundinacea Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, Pl. Rar. Neapol. 2: 26. 1792, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Lagurus cylindricus Linnaeus 1759. 
Imperata arundinacea var. genuina Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. genuina Hackel, in Alph. de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 6: 93. 1889, nom. inadmiss.BASIONYM: Imperata arundinacea Cirillo 1792, nom. illegit.; Lagurus cylindricus Linnaeus 1759. 
Imperata cylindrica var. genuina Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois, var. genuina A. Camus, Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Colon. 5: 110. 1925, nom. inadmiss.BASIONYM: Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois 1812; Lagurus cylindricus Linnaeus 1759. 
Lagurus cylindricus Lagurus cylindricus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10. 878. 1759. TYPE: ITALY: Without data (lectotype: LINN 96.2). Lectotypified by Clayton & Renvoize, in Polhill, Fl. Trop. E. Afr., Gramineae 3: 700. 1982.
Saccharum cylindricum Saccharum cylindricum (Linnaeus) Lamarck, Encycl. 1: 594. 1785.BASIONYM: Lagurus cylindricus Linnaeus 1759. 
Saccharum europaeum Saccharum europaeum Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1: 103. 1805.BASIONYM: Saccharum cylindricum (Linnaeus) Lamarck 1785; Lagurus cylindricus Linnaeus 1759. 
Saccharum laguroides Saccharum laguroides Pourret, Hist. & Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Toulouse 3: 326. 1788, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Lagurus cylindricus Linnaeus 1759. 
Saccharum thunbergii Saccharum thunbergii Retzius, Observ. Bot. 5: 17. 1788 ("1789"). TYPE: East Indies, without data, Thunberg s.n. (holotype: LD).
Imperata allang Imperata allang Junghuhn, in Hoeven & de Vriese, Tijdschr. Naturrl. Gesch. Physiol. 7: 295. 1840. TYPE: INDONESIA: Java:
Imperata angolensis Imperata angolensis Fritsch, Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2. 1: 1096. 1901. TYPE: ANGOLA: Huila, s.d., Dekindt s.n. (holotype: W).
Imperata arundinacea subvar. europea Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, subvar. europea (Andersson) Hackel, in Alph. de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 6: 93. 1889.BASIONYM: Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. europea Andersson 1855. 
Imperata arundinacea subvar. glabrescens Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, subvar. glabrescens (Büse) Hackel, in Alph. de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 6: 95. 1889.BASIONYM: Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. glabrescens Büse 1854. 
Imperata arundinacea subvar. thunbergii Imperata arundinaceae Cirillo, subvar. thunbergii (Retzius) Hackel, in Alph. de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 6: 94. 1889.BASIONYM: Saccharum thunbergii Retzius 1789. 
Imperata arundinacea var. africana Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. africana Andersson, Oefvers. Foerh. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. 12: 159. 1855.BASIONYM: Saccharum thunbergii Retzius 1789. 
Imperata arundinacea var. europea Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. europea Andersson, Oefvers. Foerh. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. 12: 160. 1855.  
Imperata arundinacea var. glabrescens Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. glabrescens Büse, in Miquel, Pl. Jungh. 366. 1854. TYPE: INDONESIA: Sumatra: Near Pertibi, s.d., Horner s.n. (holotype: L).
Imperata arundinacea var. indica Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. indica Andersson, Oefvers. Foerh. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. 12: 160. 1855.  
Imperata arundinacea var. indica Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. indica Andersson, Oefvers. Foerh. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. 12: 160. 1855.  
Imperata arundinacea var. koenigii Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. koenigii (Retzius) Bentham, Fl. Hongk. 419. 1861.BASIONYM: Saccharum koenigii Retzius 1789. 
Imperata arundinacea var. latifolia Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. latifolia Hooker f., Fl. Brit. India 7: 106. 1896. TYPE: INDIA:
Imperata arundinacea var. pedicellata Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. pedicellata (Steudel) Debeaux, Rech. Fl. Pyren.-Orient. 323. 1878.BASIONYM: Imperata pedicellata Steudel 1846. 
Imperata arundinacea var. thunbergii Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. thunbergii (Retzius) Stapf, in Harvey, Fl. Cap. 7: 320. 1898, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. africana Andersson 1855; Saccharum thunbergii Retzius 1789. 
Imperata cylindrica forma pallida Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois, forma pallida Honda, J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 3: 374. 1930. TYPE: JAPAN: Kyushu: Musashi Prov.: Hondo, Shimura, 1925, Honda s.n. (holotype: ?).
Imperata cylindrica var. africana Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois, var. africana (Andersson) C. E. Hubbard, Joint Publ. Imp. Agric. Bur. 7: 10. 1944.BASIONYM: Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. africana Andersson 1855; Saccharum thunbergii Retzius 1789. 
Imperata cylindrica var. europea Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois, var. europea (Andersson) Ascherson & Graebner, Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. 1: 412. 1898.BASIONYM: Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. europea Andersson 1855. 
Imperata cylindrica var. glabrescens Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois, var. glabrescens (Büse) Ohwi, Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11: 147. 1942.BASIONYM: Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. glabrescens Büse 1854. 
Imperata cylindrica var. koenigii Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Raeuschel, var. koenigii (Retzius) Bentham ex Pilger, in Perkins, Fragm. Fl. Philipp. 137. 1904.BASIONYM: Saccharum koenigii Retzius 1789. 
Imperata cylindrica var. latifolia Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois, var. latifolia (Hooker f.) C. E. Hubbard, Joint Publ. Imp. Agric. Bur. 7: 10. 1944.BASIONYM: Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. latifolia Hooker f. 1896. 
Imperata cylindrica var. major Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Raeuschel, var. major (Nees von Esenbeck) C. E. Hubbard, in C. E. Hubbard & Vaughan, Grasses Mauritius 96. 1940.BASIONYM: Imperata koenigii (Retzius) Palisot de Beauvois, var. major Nees von Esenbeck 1841. 
Imperata cylindrica var. thunbergii Imperata cylindrica (Linnaeus) Palisot de Beauvois, var. thunbergii (Retzius) T. Durand & Schinz, Consp. Fl. Afric. 5: 693. 1894, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Imperata arundinacea Cirillo, var. africana Andersson 1855; Saccharum thunbergii Retzius 1789. 
Imperata dinteri Imperata dinteri Pilger, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 342. 1912. TYPE: SOUTH-WEST AFRICA: Namibia: Okokongominga, s.d., Dinter 1767 (holotype: B).
Imperata koenigii Imperata koenigii (Retzius) Palisot de Beauvois, Ess. Agrostogr. 8, 165, 177. 1812.BASIONYM: Saccharum koenigii Retzius 1789. 
Imperata koenigii var. major Imperata koenigii (Retzius) Palisot de Beauvois, var. major Nees von Esenbeck, Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 90. 1841. TYPE: SOUTH AFRICA: Umgazana (Omgaziana) to Mzimvubu (Omsamwubo), s.d., Drège s.n. (holotype: ?).
Imperata pedicellata Imperata pedicellata Steudel, Flora 29: 22. 1846. TYPE: JAPAN:
Imperata sieberi Imperata sieberi Opiz, Naturalientausch 10: 190. 1825.  
Imperata thunbergii Imperata thunbergii (Retzius) Roemer & Schultes, Syst. Veg. 2: 289. 1817.BASIONYM: Saccharum thunbergii Retzius 1789. 
Saccharum koenigii Saccharum koenigii Retzius, Observ. Bot. 5: 16. 1788 ("1789"). TYPE: JAPAN: Without data, Koenig s.n. (holotype: LD).
Saccharum sisca Saccharum sisca Cavanilles, Icones 3: 47, t. 292. 1795. TYPE: SPAIN: Valencia:

Specimens

Country State County Date Specimen Notes Image
USA Florida Clay Co. 08 Mar 1975 A.G. Shuey 1568
USA Florida Osceola Co. 17 Aug 1975 A.G. Shuey s.n.
USA Florida Polk Co. 01 Feb 1974 A.G. Shuey s.n.
USA Florida Hernando Co. 23 Mar 1958 G. R. Cooley 5684
USA Florida Manatee Co. 21 Aug 1975 A.G. Shuey s.n.
USA Florida Polk Co. 03 Jan 1976 A.G. Shuey 1518
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 15 Aug 1975 A.G. Shuey s.n.
USA Florida Manatee Co. 02 Dec 1975 A.G. Shuey 1509
USA Florida Lee Co. 03 Jun 1993 S. Cole KS0002
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 04 Jun 1993 B. F. Hansen 12254
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 11 Mar 1994 B. F. Hansen 12736
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 12 May 1996 D. Uggucioni s.n.
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 25 Mar 1995 S. Cole LR0139
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 04 Apr 1995 R. P. Wunderlin 10668
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 30 Apr 2000 J. Myers 720
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 07 Jul 1995 G. P. Landry s.n.
USA Florida Miami-Dade Co. 05 Mar 1998 K. A. Bradley 1423
USA Florida Calhoun Co. 28 Apr 2006 T. MacClendon 450
USA Florida Brevard Co. 04 Oct 2003 T. MacClendon 222
USA Florida Martin Co. 18 Mar 2000 S. W. Woodmansee 450
USA Florida Collier Co. 03 Apr 1997 K. A. Bradley 10
USA Florida Volusia Co. 10 May 2006 J. M. Kunzer 1713
USA Florida DeSoto Co. 22 Apr 2006 J. M. Kunzer 1613
USA Florida Miami-Dade Co. 25 May 1995 E. L. Bridges 23683
USA Florida Manatee Co. 09 Jan 1887 C. Becker WC0373
USA Florida Hardee Co. 09 Feb 1990 W. Cox s.n.
USA Florida Monroe Co. 15 Dec 1964 F. C. Craighead s.n.
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 21 Apr 2005 A. Bishop OS0505
USA Florida Citrus Co. 20 May 2002 R. A. Hattaway FC0247
USA Florida Volusia Co. 22 Dec 2006 J. M. Kunzer 2034
USA Florida Flagler Co. 18 Mar 2003 C. Slaughter 13764
USA Florida Marion Co. 13 Mar 2007 W. D. Longbottom 7017
USA Florida Manatee Co. 31 Dec 1997 R. A. Hattaway SF0345
USA Florida Polk Co. 15 Apr 2008 J. M. Kunzer 2388
USA Florida Pasco Co. 20 Mar 2003 C. vanHoek WB0360
USA Florida DeSoto Co. 27 Apr 2009 A. R. Franck 1227
USA Florida Highlands Co. 21 Mar 1997 C. vanHoek 876
USA Florida Charlotte Co. 29 Apr 2010 A. R. Franck 1900
USA Florida Okeechobee Co. 09 Jun 1993 S. L. Orzell 22088
USA Florida Seminole Co. 01 Apr 2012 D. H. Williams 3044
USA Florida Seminole Co. 10 Jun 2012 D. H. Williams 3188
USA Florida Polk Co. 02 Jun 2014 D. H. Williams 3935
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 15 Mar 2013 L. B. Birch 760
USA Florida Lake Co. 02 Nov 2014 S. Myers 1524
USA Florida Hardee Co. 24 Jan 2015 P. J. Simoes 103
USA Florida Brevard Co. 24 May 2012 P. A. Schmalzer 12-2
USA Florida Volusia Co. 18 Mar 2015 W. D. Longbottom 22199
USA Louisiana Orleans Par. 21 Apr 1990 J. MacGregor 932
USA Louisiana Ouachita Par. 28 Apr 1984 D. D. Taylor 6905 On Federal noxious weed list.
USA Alabama Baldwin Co. 20 May 1981 G. Wilhelm 8989
USA Mississippi Lamar Co. 15 Apr 1973 K. E. Rogers 9139
USA Florida Orange Co. 29 Dec 2015 S. Myers 1801
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 29 Nov 2010 C. vanHoek HR0807
USA Florida Polk Co. 09 Nov 2015 W. D. Longbottom 24076
USA Florida Osceola Co. 19 Mar 2015 W. D. Longbottom 22228
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 28 Nov 2012 S. Dickman 652
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 06 Aug 2013 S. Dickman 790
USA Georgia DeKalb Co. 03 May 2012 J. R. Allison 14041
USA Florida Washington Co. 19 May 2016 W. D. Longbottom 25027
USA Florida St. Lucie Co. 29 Jan 1996 S. Scheda 220
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