Arisaema triphyllum

Family:ARACEAE
Species:Arisaema triphyllum (L.)Schott
Common Name:JACK-IN-THE-PULPIT
Plant Notes:Studies by Huttleston (1981) indicate significant admixture between the taxa of the A. triphyllum complex (A. quinatum, A. pusillum, A. stewardsonii, A. triphyllum s.str.), citing several places in the eastern USA where populations appear to combine characters of 2-3 taxa and diploid, triploid, and tetraploid plants may be sympatric. Huttleston (1981) also stated these taxa are distinctive (as subspecies).
Status:Native, FACW (DEP), FACW (NWPL)
Specimen: View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order ALISMATALES
FamilyARACEAE
Genus Arisaema
Species Arisaema triphyllum (L.)Schott - JACK-IN-THE-PULPIT

Citation

Citation ARISAEMA TRIPHYLLUM (Linnaeus) Schott, in Schott & Endlicher, Melet. Bot. 17. 1 832.
Basionym: Arum triphyllum Linnaeus 1753.
Type: Without data (lectotype: LINN 1079.2). Lectotypified by Fernald, Rhodora 42: 249. 1940.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

CountyHerbariaLiterature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua USF  
Bay FSU  
Brevard USF  
Calhoun USF  
Citrus USF  
Collier USF  
Columbia FLAS  
DeSoto USF  
Duval USF  
Escambia FLAS  
Flagler USF  
Gadsden FLAS  
Hamilton USF  
Hardee USF  
Hernando USF  
Highlands USF  
Hillsborough USF  
Holmes FTG  
Jackson FLAS  
Jefferson USF  
Lake USF  
Lee USF  
Leon FLAS  
Levy USF  
Manatee USF  
Marion USF  
Martin USF  
Nassau PIHG  
Okeechobee FLAS  
Orange USF  
Osceola USF  
Palm Beach USF  
Pasco USF  
Pinellas USF  
Polk USF  
Putnam FLAS  
Sarasota SEL  
Seminole USF  
St. Lucie USF  
Sumter USF  
Volusia USF  
Washington FSU  

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Alocasia atrorubens Alocasia atrorubens (Aiton) Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 3: 64. 1837 ("1836").BASIONYM: Arum atrorubens Aiton 1789. 
Alocasia triphylla Alocasia triphylla (Linnaeus) Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 3: 64. 1837 ("1836").BASIONYM: Arum triphyllum Linnaeus 1753. 
Arisaema acuminatum Arisaema acuminatum Small, Fl. S.E. U.S. 226, 1328. 1903. TYPE: FLORIDA: Pinellas Co.: Clearwater, 20 Apr 1900, Tracy 6781 (holotype: NY).
Arisaema atrorubens Arisaema atrorubens (Aiton) Blume, Rumphia 1: 97. 1835.BASIONYM: Arum atrorubens Aiton 1789. 
Arisaema pusillum Arisaema pusillum (Peck) Nash, in Britton, Man. Fl. N. States 229. 1901.BASIONYM: Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey, var. pusillum Peck 1898. 
Arisaema triphyllum forma pusillum Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey, forma pusillum (Peck) Fernald, Rhodora 42: 252. 1940.BASIONYM: Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey, var. pusillum Peck 1898. 
Arisaema triphyllum subsp. pusillum Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey, subsp. pusillum (Peck) Huttleston, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 76: 408. 1949.BASIONYM: Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey, var. pusillum Peck 1898. 
Arisaema triphyllum var. acuminatum Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey, var. acuminatum (Small)Engler, Pflanzenr. 4(Heft 73): 201. 1920.BASIONYM: Arisaema acuminatum Small 1903. 
Arisaema triphyllum var. pusillum Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey, var. pusillum Peck, Annual Rep. New York State Mus. 51: 297. 1898. TYPE: NEW YORK:
Arisaema triphyllum var. typicum Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey, var. typicum Engler, Pflanzenr. 4(Heft 73): 200. 1920, nom. inadmiss.BASIONYM: Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey 1843; Arum triphyllum Linnaeus 1753. 
Arum atrorubens Arum atrorubens Aiton, Hort. Kew. 3: 315. 1789. TYPE: Cult. in England, at Peter Collinson's Mill Hill Estate, 1763, Collinson (?) s.n. (neotype: BM). Neotypified by Reveal et al., Taxon 39: 357. 1990.
Arum triphyllum Arum triphyllum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 965. 1753. TYPE: Without data (lectotype: LINN 1079.2). Lectotypified by Fernald, Rhodora 42: 249. 1940.
Arum triphyllum var. atrorubens Arum triphyllum Linnaeus, var. atrorubens (Aiton) Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 222. 1818.BASIONYM: Arum atrorubens Aiton 1789. 
Arum vittatum Arum vittatum Salisbury, Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 260. 1796, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Arum triphyllum Linnaeus 1753. 
Arisaema atrorubens forma viride Arisaema atrorubens (Aiton) Blume, forma viride (Engler) Fernald, Rhodora 42: 252. 1940.BASIONYM: Arisaema atrorubens (Aiton) Blume, var. viride Engler 1879. 
Arisaema atrorubens forma zebrinum Arisaema atrorubens (Aiton) Blume, forma zebrinum (Sims) Fernald, Rhodora 42: 252. 1940.BASIONYM: Arum triphyllum Linnaeus, var. zebrinum Sims 1806. 
Arisaema atrorubens var. pallescens Arisaema atrorubens (Aiton) Blume, var. pallescens (Sims) Raymond, Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montreal 64: 44. 1949.BASIONYM: Arum triphyllum Linnaeus, var. pallescens Sims 1806. 
Arisaema atrorubens var. viride Arisaema atrorubens (Aiton) Blume, var. viride Engler, in Alph. de Candolle, Monogr. Phan. 2: 536. 1879.  
Arisaema atrorubens var. zebrinum Arisaema atrorubens (Aiton) Blume, var. zebrinum (Sims) Raymond, Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montreal 64: 43. 1949.BASIONYM: Arum triphyllum Linnaeus, var. zebrinum Sims 1806. 
Arisaema brasilianum Arisaema brasilianum Blume, Rumphia 1: 96. 1835. TYPE: BRAZIL:
Arisaema deflexum Arisaema deflexum Nieuwland & Just, Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 217. 1931. TYPE: INDIANA: St. Joseph Co.: Tamarack swamp, Turkey Creek Road, 15-25 Jun 1930, Nieuwland & Just s.n. (holotype: ?).
Arisaema hastatum Arisaema hastatum Blume, Rumphia 1: 96. 1835.BASIONYM: Arum triphyllum Linnaeus, var. zebrinum Sims 1806. 
Arisaema pusillum forma pallidum Arisaema pusillum (Peck) Nash, forma pallidum Eames, Rhodora 33: 168. 1931. TYPE: CONNECTICUT: Fairfield Co.: Fairfield, 17 Jun 1907, Eames 5646 (holotype: GH).
Arisaema stewardsonii Arisaema stewardsonii Britton, Man. Fl. N. States 1045. 1901. TYPE: PENNSYLVANIA: Monroe Co.: Tannersville, 4 Jul 1901, Britton et al. s.n. (holotype: NY).
Arisaema triphyllum forma stewardsonii Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Schott, forma stewardsonii (Britton) Engler, Pflanzenr. 4(Heft 73[23F]): 200. 1920.BASIONYM: Arisaema stewardsonii Britton 1901. 
Arisaema triphyllum forma viride Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey, forma viride (Engler) Farwell, Amer. Midl. Naturalist 11: 50. 1928; 12: 53. 1930.BASIONYM: Arisaema atrorubens (Aiton) Blume, var. viride Engler 1879. 
Arisaema triphyllum forma zebrinum Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey, forma zebrinum (Sims) Seymour, Fl. New England, ed. 2. 167. 1982.BASIONYM: Arum triphyllum Linnaeus, var. zebrinum Sims 1806. 
Arisaema triphyllum subsp. stewardsonii Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Schott, subsp. stewardsonii (Britton) Huttleston, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 76: 409. 1949.BASIONYM: Arisaema stewardsonii Britton 1901. 
Arisaema triphyllum var. montanum Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey, var. montanum Fernald, Rhodora 42: 253, t. 600(1-3). 1940. TYPE: TENNESSEE: Cancy Creek Falls, 13 May 1934, Harger 7745 (holotype: GH).
Arisaema triphyllum var. stewardsonii Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Schott, var. stewardsonii (Britton) Stevens, Ill. Guide Fl. Pl. 110. 1910.BASIONYM: Arisaema stewardsonii Britton 1901. 
Arisaema triphyllum var. viride Arisaema triphyllum (Linnaeus) Torrey, var. viride (Engler) Engler, Pflenzenr. 4(Heft 73): 200. 1920.BASIONYM: Arisaema atrorubens (Aiton) Blume, var. viride Engler 1879. 
Arum triphyllum var. atropurpureum Arum triphyllum Linnaeus, var. atropurpureum Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 188. 1803.  
Arum triphyllum var. pallescens Arum triphyllum Linnaeus, var. pallescens Sims, Bot. Mag. 24: t. 950. 1806. TYPE: Without data (lectotype: Plukenet, Phytographia t. 376(3). 1700). Lectotypified by Reveal et al., Taxon 39: 357. 1990.
Arum triphyllum var. virens Arum triphyllum Linnaeus, var. virens Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 188. 1803. TYPE: Without data, Michaux s.n. (lectotype: P). Lectotypified by Fernald, Rhodora 42: 252. 1940; Reveal et al., Taxon 39: 357. 1990.
Arum triphyllum var. viride Arum triphyllum Linnaeus, var. viride Sims, Bot. Mag. 25: t. 950. 1806.  
Arum triphyllum var. zebrinum Arum triphyllum Linnaeus, var. zebrinum Sims, Bot. Mag. 24: t. 950. 1806. TYPE: Without data (lectotype: Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 950. 1806). Lectotypified by Reveal et al., Taxon 39: 357. 1990.

Specimens

Country State County Date Specimen Notes Image
USA Florida Citrus Co. 20 Apr 1959 G. R. Cooley 6465
USA Florida Citrus Co. 28 Apr 1958 G. R. Cooley 6050 Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Citrus Co. 28 Feb 1972 P. Genelle 1131
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 23 Feb 1979 R. P. Wunderlin 6750
USA Florida Polk Co. 21 Jun 1979 B. F. Hansen 5717
USA Florida Osceola Co. 09 Jan 1976 J. E. Poppleton 548
USA Florida Manatee Co. 27 Feb 1991 J. Weber WC0010
USA Florida Hardee Co. 22 Jul 1977 E. Kuczynski s.n.
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 19 Apr 1969 M. Siegler s.n.
USA Florida Collier Co. 06 Mar 1965 O. K. Lakela 28244
USA Florida Collier Co. 04 Dec 1964 R. W. Long 27997
USA Florida Collier Co. 10 Feb 1969 R. W. Long 31818
USA Florida Osceola Co. 25 Jun 1977 R. P. Wunderlin 5850
USA Florida Volusia Co. 16 Mar 2006 J. M. Kunzer 1478
USA Florida Highlands Co. 05 Feb 1935 J. B. McFarlin 10140
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 12 Mar 1983 G. Fleming 3465
USA Florida Hernando Co. 19 Mar 1958 G. R. Cooley 5647
USA Florida Hernando Co. 02 Apr 1958 G. R. Cooley 5774
USA Florida St. Lucie Co. 12 Feb 1998 K. A. Bradley 901
USA Florida Hernando Co. 26 Apr 1961 G. R. Cooley 8090
USA Florida Citrus Co. 28 Apr 1958 G. R. Cooley 6050 Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 10 Feb 1995 S. Landry s.n.
USA Florida Orange Co. 27 Feb 1991 S. L. Orzell 16039
USA Florida Hamilton Co. 21 Mar 1991 S. L. Orzell 16124
USA Florida Volusia Co. 11 Apr 1978 M. Thorne s.n.
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 19 Jul 1963 O. K. Lakela 26089
USA Florida Lake Co. 23 Mar 1981 B. F. Hansen 8151
USA Florida Marion Co. 09 Mar 1952 G. R. Cooley 1154
USA Florida Lake Co. 23 Mar 1959 G. R. Cooley 6398
USA Florida Manatee Co. 04 Apr 1992 R. Owens SF0045
USA Florida Osceola Co. 07 Apr 1980 R. P. Sauleda 3505
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 07 Apr 1978 D. W. Crewz 1216
USA Florida Brevard Co. 11 Feb 1973 A.G. Shuey s.n.
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 12 Oct 1976 P. Genelle 2519
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 18 Feb 1976 A.G. Shuey 1587
USA Florida Brevard Co. 14 Feb 1976 B. Thompson s.n.
USA Florida Seminole Co. 18 Apr 1964 R. R. Smith 949
USA Florida Lake Co. 29 Apr 1960 G. R. Cooley 7380
USA Florida DeSoto Co. 13 Feb 1979 A.G. Shuey 2187
USA Florida Highlands Co. 30 Mar 1963 O. K. Lakela 25752A
USA Florida Calhoun Co. 28 Sep 2013 T. MacClendon 1333
USA Florida Seminole Co. 18 Mar 1992 S. L. Orzell 19171
USA Florida Alachua Co. 06 Apr 1992 S. L. Orzell 19307
USA Florida Palm Beach Co. 05 Mar 1999 K. A. Bradley 1975
USA Florida Pasco Co. 06 Mar 2002 C. vanHoek WB022
USA Florida DeSoto Co. 10 Mar 1995 E. L. Bridges 23462
USA Florida Brevard Co. 06 Aug 2003 T. MacClendon 197
USA Florida Marion Co. 17 Apr 1993 S. L. Orzell 21595
USA Florida Polk Co. 19 Feb 2009 J. M. Kunzer 2726
USA Florida Hernando Co. 06 Mar 2009 E. Gandy WW0082
USA Florida Hardee Co. 10 Mar 1995 E. L. Bridges 23471
USA Florida Pasco Co. 23 Apr 2004 E. M. Ferguson 740
USA Florida Lee Co. 01 Feb 2006 S. W. Woodmansee 1781
USA Florida Highlands Co. 19 Feb 2003 A. Bishop HH0248
USA Florida Martin Co. 06 Jan 1988 R. O. Woodbury s.n.
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 24 Mar 2005 C. vanHoek HR0221
USA Florida Calhoun Co. 05 Apr 2013 T. MacClendon 1253
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 12 May 1978 D. W. Crewz 1372
USA Florida Seminole Co. 27 Apr 1961 J. D. Ray, Jr. 10867
USA Florida Flagler Co. 28 Apr 2008 J. M. Kunzer 2424
USA Florida Levy Co. 08 May 1993 S. L. Orzell 21699
USA Florida Sumter Co. 15 Mar 1992 S. L. Orzell 19158
USA Florida Lee Co. 27 Feb 1992 S. L. Orzell 19096
USA Florida Sumter Co. 02 Mar 1992 S. L. Orzell 19110
USA Florida Lake Co. 29 Mar 1978 R. Daubenmire s.n.
USA Florida Citrus Co. 06 Apr 1984 M. E. Schmid A-357
USA Florida Brevard Co. 07 Feb 2002 J. E. Tear 2017
USA Florida Citrus Co. 15 Jun 1983 N. L. Mawhinney 205
USA Florida Hardee Co. 08 Mar 1982 R. P. Wunderlin 9185
USA Florida Polk Co. 12 Mar 1992 S. L. Orzell 19142
USA Florida Hardee Co. 26 Sep 1984 K. R. DeLaney 224
USA Florida Hardee Co. 18 Oct 1981 K. R. DeLaney s.n.
USA Florida Levy Co. 10 Apr 1985 N. L. Mawhinney s.n.
USA Florida Palm Beach Co. 01 Mar 1993 S. L. Orzell 21230
USA Florida Duval Co. 22 Mar 1993 S. L. Orzell 21298
USA North Carolina Macon Co. 23 Jun 1961 V. Ducey 178
USA Louisiana Bienville Par. 14 May 1977 C. M. Allen 7899
USA Louisiana Ouachita Par. 30 Apr 1984 D. D. Taylor 6919
USA Mississippi Tishomingo Co. 13 Jun 1956 J. D. Ray, Jr. 6316
USA Mississippi Forrest Co. 07 Apr 1955 J. D. Ray, Jr. 4246
USA Tennessee Cocke Co. 18 May 1977 P. Genelle 2777
USA Georgia Rabun Co. 01 Jun 1968 S. B. Jones 15528
USA Louisiana Ouachita Par. 10 Apr 1967 G. Holler 67
USA South Carolina Horry Co. 18 Apr 1932 C. A. Weatherby 16469
USA Tennessee Marion Co. 15 Apr 2003 S. R. Hill 35108
USA Mississippi Clay Co. 05 May 1955 J. D. Ray, Jr. 4427
USA North Carolina Swain Co. 06 Jun 1956 H. E. Ahles 14116
USA Louisiana Lincoln Par. 03 Apr 1975 C. R. Calogero 217
USA Florida Collier Co. 1987 J. N. Burch 177
USA Florida Collier Co. 05 Mar 1991 J. N. Burch 513
USA Illinois La Salle Co. 29 May 2003 S. R. Hill 35233
USA Illinois Johnson Co. 06 May 1996 S. R. Hill 27777
USA Illinois Will Co. 11 May 2007 S. R. Hill 37471
USA Illinois Ogle Co. 17 May 2005 S. R. Hill 36261
Canada Quebec Prov. 11 Jun 1968 J. Pinder-Moss s.n.
USA North Carolina 18 Apr 1975 K. Frink s.n.
USA Illinois Ogle Co. 01 Jun 2008 P. D. Sorensen 824
USA Virginia Rockbridge Co. 21 May 1980 D. E. Boufford 22104
USA New Hampshire Rockingham Co. 06 May 1991 S. Landry 20
USA Michigan Ottawa Co. 29 Apr 1964 G. H. Morton 98
USA Virginia Fairfax Co. 01 Jul 1981 J. Whiton 107
USA Pennsylvania Northampton Co. 1840 J. Wolle s.n.
USA West Virginia Pocahontas Co. 11 May 1950 R. B. Clarkson 162
USA Arkansas Saint Francis Co. 26 Apr 1952 D. Demaree 31721
USA Virginia Shenandoah Co. 05 May 1979 I. Miller 61
USA Connecticut Hartford Co. 12 May 1992 S. R. Hill 23059
USA Massachusetts Berkshire Co. 23 Jun 1906 A. K. Harrison s.n.
USA Iowa Poweshiek Co. 03 May 1957 Jenkins 2
USA Florida Jefferson Co. 05 Mar 2017 S. Myers 1907
USA Florida Alachua Co. 20 Apr 1963 C. F. Caudle s.n.
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 27 Jun 1963 C. F. Caudle 3018
USA Florida Pasco Co. 29 Jun 1962 C. F. Caudle 944
USA Florida Pasco Co. 19 Jun 1962 C. F. Caudle 415
USA Florida Pasco Co. 13 Jul 1962 C. F. Caudle 1013
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 11 Jul 1963 C. F. Caudle 3706
USA Florida Polk Co. M. L. Gilbert s.n.
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