Cyperus squarrosus

Map
| No Photos Available

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens from wild populations. Cultivated occurrences are not mapped. View county names by placing the cursor over the map.

Browse Photos

Consortia links

Image searches

Family:	CYPERACEAE
Species:	Cyperus squarrosus L.
Common Name:	BEARDED FLATSEDGE
Status:	Native, FACW (DEP), OBL (NWPL)
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	POALES
Family	CYPERACEAE
Genus	Cyperus
Species	Cyperus squarrosus L. - BEARDED FLATSEDGE

Citation

Citation	CYPERUS SQUARROSUS Linnaeus, Cent. Pl. 2: 6. 1756.
Basionym:	**
Type:	INDIA: "India orientalis", without data, Koenig s.n. (lectotype: LINN 70.8 (right-hand specimen); isolectotype: S-LINN G-6816). Lectotypified by J. Kern, Blumea 10: 642. 1960.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Broward	USF
Calhoun	USF
Collier	USF
Escambia	FLAS
Gadsden	FSU
Hillsborough	USF
Indian River	USF
Leon	FSU
Liberty	FLAS
Monroe Keys	USF
Putnam	USF
Santa Rosa	UWFP

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Chlorocyperus inflexus	Chlorocyperus inflexus (Muhlenberg) Palla, Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 17(Beih.): 6. 1911.	BASIONYM: Cyperus inflexus Muhlenberg 1817.
Cyperus aristatus	Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll, Descr.Pl. Rar. 22. 1772, nom. illegit.	BASIONYM: Scirpus intricatus Burman f. 1768.
Cyperus aristatus forma inflexus	Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll, forma inflexus (Muhlenberg) C. B. Clarke, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 92. 1884.	BASIONYM: Cyperus inflexus Muhlenberg 1817.
Cyperus aristatus var. inflexus	Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll, var. inflexus (Muhlenberg) Kükenthal, in Engler, Pflanzenr. 4(Heft 101): 504. 1936.	BASIONYM: Cyperus inflexus Muhlenberg 1817.
Cyperus inflexus	Cyperus inflexus Muhlenberg, Descr. Gram. 16. 1817.		TYPE: PENNSYLVANIA: Without data, Muhlenberg Herb. 27 (holotype: PH; isotype: B-W).
Dichostylis aristata	Dichostylis aristata Palla, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 296. 1888, nom. illegit.	BASIONYM: Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll 1772, nom. illegit.; Scirpus intricatus Linnaeus 1771..
Dichostylis squarrosa	Dichostylis squarrosa (Linnaeus) Palla, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 10: 296. 1888.	BASIONYM: Cyperus squarrosus Linnaeus 1756.
Mariscus aristatus	Mariscus aristatus Chermezon, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 85: 366. 1938, nom. illegit.	BASIONYM: Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll 1772, nom. illegit.; Scirpus intricatus Linnaeus 1771.
Mariscus intricatus	Mariscus intricatus (Linnaeus) Cufodontis, Bull. Jard. Bot. natl. Belg. 40(Suppl.): 1453. 1970.	BASIONYM: Scirpus intricatus Linnaeus 1771.
Mariscus squarrosus	Mariscus squarrosus (Linnaeus) C. B. Clarke, in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. India 6: 623. 1893.	BASIONYM: Cyperus squarrosus Linnaeus 1756.
Pycreus squarrosus	Pycreus squarrosus (Linnaeus) Nees von Esenbeck, Linnaea 9: 283. 1834.	BASIONYM: Cyperus squarrosus Linnaeus 1756.
Cyeprus squarrosus var. congestus	Cyperus squarrosus Linnaeus, var. congestus Bentham, Fl. Austral. 7: 268. 1878.		TYPE: AUSTRALIA:
Cyeprus squarrosus var. cylindraceus	Cyperus squarrosus Linnaeus, var. cylindraceus Bentham, Fl. Austral. 7: 268. 1878.		TYPE: AUSTRALIA:
Cyperus aristatus var. boeckeleri	Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll, var. boeckeleri Cavara, Atti Ist. Bot. Univ. Pavia, ser. 2. 5(2): 26. 1899.
Cyperus aristatus var. falciculosus	Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll, var. falciculosus (Liebmann) Kükenthal, in Engler, Pflanzenr. 4(Heft 101): 505. 1936.	BASIONYM: Cyperus falciculosus Liebmann 1850.
Cyperus aristatus var. perennis	Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll, var. perennis M. E. Jones, Contr. W. Bot. 18: 25. 1933.		TYPE: MEXICO: Baja California Sur: Laguna Mountains, 22 Sep 1930, Jones 27595 (holotype: RSA; isotypes: MO, UC).
Cyperus aristatus var. runyonii	Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll, var. runyonii O'Neill, Rhodora 44: 56. 1942.		TYPE: TEXAS: Kenedy Co.: Los Norias, s.d., Runyon 1933 (holotype: LCU; isotypes: GH, US).
Cyperus aristatus var. semiglobosus	Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll, var. semiglobosus Kükenthal, in Engler, Pflanzenr. 4(Heft 101): 504. 1936.		TYPE: SENEGAL:
Cyperus aristatus var. versicolor	Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll, var. versicolor (Nees von Esenbeck) Boeckeler, Linnaea 35: 500. 1868.	BASIONYM: Cyperus versicolor Nees von Esenbeck 1834.
Cyperus brownei	Cyperus brownei Roemer & Schultes, Syst. Veg. 2: 228. 1817.	BASIONYM: Cyperus uncinatus R. Brown 1810, non Poiret 1806.
Cyperus compressus var. floribundus	Cyperus compressus Linnaeus, var. floribundus E. G. Camus, Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1: 243. 1909.		TYPE: VIETNAM: Saigon,
Cyperus falciculosus	Cyperus falciculosus Liebmann, Mexic. Halvgr. 204. 1850.		TYPE: MEXICO: Veracruz: Near Río de Antigua, Feb 1841, Liebmann 14358 (holotype: C; isotype: B).
Cyperus inflexus var. acaulis	Cyperus inflexus Muhlenberg, var. acaulis Hooker f., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20: 178. 1847.		TYPE: ECUADOR: Galapagos Islands: Charles Island,
Cyperus inflexus var. elongatus	Cyperus inflexus Muhlenberg, var. elongatus Hooker f., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20: 178. 1847.		TYPE: ECUADOR: Galapagos Islands: Albemarle Island,
Cyperus perennis	Cyperus perennis (M. E. Jones) O'Neill, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 29: 93. 1944.	BASIONYM: Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll, var. perennis M. E. Jones 1933.
Cyperus purshii	Cyperus purshii Roemer & Schultes, Syst. Veg. 2: 177. 1817.	BASIONYM: Cyperus uncinatus Pursh 1814, non Poiret 1806, nec R. Brown 1810.
Cyperus squarrosus var. runyonii	Cyperus squarrosus Linnaeus, var. runyonii (O'Neill) S. D. Jones & Wipff, Phytologia 77: 462. 1995 ("1994").	BASIONYM: Cyperus aristatus Rottbøll, var. runyonii O'Neill 1942.
Cyperus uncinatus	Cyperus uncinatus R. Brown, Prodr. 215. 1810, non Poiret 1806.
Cyperus uncinatus	Cyperus uncinatus Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 50. 1814, non Poiret 1806, nec R. Brown 1810.
Cyperus versicolor	Cyperus versicolor Nees von Esenbeck, in Wight, Contr. Bot. India 78. 1834.		TYPE: I NDIA:
Isolepis echinulata	Isolepis echinulata Kunth, Enum. Pl. 2: 205. 1837.		TYPE: VENEZUELA: Cumana, 1798, Humboldt & Bonpland s.n. (holotype: B).
Scirpus intricatus	Scirpus intricatus Linnaeus, Mant. Pl. 2: 182. 1771.		TYPE: SOUTH AFRICA: Cape Prov.: Without data (lectotype: LINN 71.50). Lectotypified by C. B. Clarke, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 30: 313. 1894.
Scirpus lappaceus	Scirpus lappaceus Lamarck, Tabl. Encycl. 1: 139. 1791.		TYPE: INDIA:

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen
USA	Florida	Putnam Co.	09 Sep 2008	C. Slaughter 16884
USA	Florida	Indian River Co.	01 Oct 2008	C. Slaughter 17005
USA	Florida	Collier Co.	06 Oct 1965	O. K. Lakela 29238
USA	Florida	Collier Co.	06 Oct 1965	O. K. Lakela 29238
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	29 Oct 1995	E. L. Bridges 23884
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	26 Apr 1995	R. Mears s.n.
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	10 Jul 1981	G. N. Avery s.n.
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	06 Mar 1998	K. A. Bradley 1468
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	18 Nov 1971	G. N. Avery 1074
USA	Florida	Collier Co.	04 Jul 1998	K. A. Bradley 1853
USA	Florida	Broward Co.	14 Oct 2013	K. A. Bradley 2784
USA	North Carolina	Wake Co.	22 Sep 1966	A. E. Radford 45275
USA	Tennessee	Wilson Co.	12 Jul 1935	H. K. Svenson 7152
USA	Georgia	Walton Co.	30 Aug 1940	W. H. Duncan 2868
USA	Mississippi	Wilkinson Co.	02 Jul 1972	K. E. Rogers 8481E
USA	Illinois	Peoria Co.	08 Sep 1995	S. R. Hill 27436
USA	Virginia	Fairfax Co.	14 Aug 1983	T. R. Bradley 19856
USA	Illinois	Cass Co.	05 Sep 1996	S. R. Hill 28689
USA	Illinois	Cass Co.	23 Aug 2006	S. R. Hill 37030
USA	Wisconsin	Sawyer Co.	13 Aug 1986	B. F. Hansen 11231
USA	Illinois	Williamson Co.	05 Jun 2002	S. R. Hill 34672
USA	New Mexico	Socorro Co.	08 Sep 1903	O. B. Metcalfe 2787
USA	Vermont		26 Aug 1913	C. H. Knowlton s.n.
USA	New Mexico	Socorro Co.	26 Aug 1913	O. B. Metcalfe 2788
USA	Oregon	Klamath Co.	13 Aug 1894	J. B. Leiberg 724
USA	New York	Wayne Co.	20 Aug 1870	E. L. Hankenson 2786
USA	Illinois	Will Co.	26 Aug 2003	S. R. Hill 35416
USA	Virginia	Warren Co.	22 Sep 1981	T. R. Bradley 17665
USA	Arizona	Pima Co.	02 Aug 1957	L. N. Goodding 30-57
USA	Indiana	Porter Co.	09 Aug 1908	L. M. Umbach s.n.
USA	Virginia	Fairfax Co.	23 Sep 1974	T. R. Bradley 6970
USA	Minnesota	Washington Co.	29 Aug 1976	G. B. Ownbey 5457
India	Bihar		13 Aug 1956	V. Chandra 35961
Sri Lanka			14 Jan 1957	G. R. Cooley s.n.
USA	Florida	Calhoun Co.	15 Jul 2017	T. MacClendon 1474
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	03 Aug 2017	S. Dickman 1230

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council

FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

Filter by County - Counties to Include - ANY versus ALL

Any - An Any search will combine the list of counties to include with a Boolean Or. Plant species returned will be found within at least one of the selected counties.
All - An All search will combine the list of counties to include with a Boolean And. Plant species returned will be found within each of the selected counties.

Filter by County - Counties to Exclude - ANY versus ALL

Any - An Any search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean Or. Plant species returned will not be found within at least one of the selected counties.
All - An All search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean And. Plant species returned will not be found within any of the selected counties.

Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen, Alan Franck, or Karla Alvarado

Web Development: USF Water Institute

A member of the University of South Florida family of PlantAtlas.org websites

Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2024. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

Search Help

Select the criterion by which you wish to search (Scientific name, Genus, Family, etc.) and enter that information into the provided field.

Hint: Correct spelling is necessary for desired results, but because this function is a string search the full name need not be entered. Any correct part of a taxon name can be entered and a choice of the correct one made from the small list of resulting matches.

For example, matching the full name exactly in a Scientific Name search for Piptochaetium avenacioides may be difficult, but strings of either tium aven or avenaci or m avenac or pipto will all result in very small lists of matches. The intended name can then be chosen from any of those lists. Usually, the last letter (or two) of a given genus, a space, and the first few correct letters of the specific epithet will provide a sufficiently short list containing the desired taxon.

A similar example in a Common Name search is Virginia snakeroot. Searching using "snake root" will yield no results due to the extra space, but searching "snake" will generate a short list of plants with the word "snake" in the common name. Furthermore, a search of "Virginia snake" or even "nia snak" yields one result: Virginia snakeroot.

If, after following the above advice, then difficulties are still encountered please use the "browse" feature.

Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

Only plant populations vouchered by specimens deposited in Index Herbariorum http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ recognized herbaria are represented on this map.