Allamanda cathartica

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens from wild populations. Cultivated occurrences are not mapped. View county names by placing the cursor over the map.

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Family:	APOCYNACEAE
Species:	Allamanda cathartica L.
Common Name:	GOLDEN TRUMPET; BROWNBUD ALLAMANDA
Status:	Not Native
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	GENTIANALES
Family	APOCYNACEAE
Genus	Allamanda
Species	Allamanda cathartica L. - GOLDEN TRUMPET; BROWNBUD ALLAMANDA

Citation

Citation	ALLAMANDA CATHARTICA Linnaeus, Mant. Pl. 214. 1771.
Basionym:	**
Type:	Guianas, Without data (neotype: LINN 298.1). Neotypified by Leeuwenberg, in C. E. Jarvis et al., Regnum Veg. 127: 16. 1993.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Brevard	USF
Charlotte	USF
Glades	USF
Highlands	USF
Hillsborough	USF
Indian River	FLAS
Lake	USF
Lee	FTG
Manatee	USF
Martin	FTG
Orange	USF
Osceola	USF
Palm Beach	FLAS
Pasco	USF
Polk	USF
St. Lucie	USF
Volusia	USF

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Allamanda cathartica var. grandiflora	Allamanda cathartica Linnaeus, var. grandiflora L. H. Bailey & Raffill, in L. H. Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1: 247. 1914, nom. inadmiss.	BASIONYM: Orelia grandiflora Aublet 1775, nom. illegit.; Allamanda cathartica Linnaeus 1771.
Allamanda grandiflora	Allamanda grandiflora Poiret, in Lamarck, Encycl. 4: 601. 1797, nom. illegit.	BASIONYM: Orelia grandiflora Aublet 1775, nom. illegit.; Allamanda cathartica Linnaeus 1771.
Allamanda linnei	Allamanda linnei Pohl, Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 74. 1827, nom. illegit.	BASIONYM: Allamanda cathartica Linnaeus 1771.
Orelia grandiflora	Orelia grandiflora Aublet, Hist. Pl. Guiane 271. 1775, nom. illegit.	BASIONYM: Allamanda cathartica Linnaeus 1771.
Allamanda aubletii	Allamanda aubletii Pohl, Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 1: 75. 1827.
Allamanda cathartica forma aubletii	Allamanda cathartica Linnaeus, forma aubletii (Pohl) Voss, Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 655. 1894.	BASIONYM: Allamanda aubletii Pohl 1827.
Allamanda cathartica forma hendersonii	Allamanda cathartica Linnaeus, forma hendersonii (Bull ex Dombrain)) Voss, Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 655. 1894.	BASIONYM: Allamanda hendersonii Bull ex Dombrain 1866.
Allamanda cathartica forma salicifolia	Allamanda cathartica Linnaeus, forma salicifolia Voss, Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 655. 1894.
Allamanda cathartica var. hendersonii	Allamanda cathartica Linnaeus, var. hendersonii (Bull ex Dombrain) L. H. Bailey & Raffill, in L. H. Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1: 247. 1914.	BASIONYM: Allamanda hendersonii Bull ex Dombrain 1866.
Allamanda cathartica var. williamsii	Allamanda cathartica Linnaeus, var. williamsii (Anon.) L. H. Bailey & Raffill, in L. H. Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1: 247. 1914.	BASIONYM: Allamanda williamsii Anon. 1891.
Allamanda hendersonii	Allamanda hendersonii Bull ex Dombrain, Fl. Mag. 5: t. 263. 1866.
Allamanda latifolia	Allamanda latifolia C. Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 103. 1844.		TYPE: BRAZIL:
Allamanda wardleyana	Allamanda wardleyana Lebas, Rev. Hort. 1877: 20. 1877.
Allamanda williamsii	Allamanda williamsii Anon., Garden 40: 87, t. 832. 1891.
Chariomma verticillata	Chariomma verticillata Miers, Apocyn. S. Amer. 113. 1878.
Datura erinacea	Datura erinacea Vellozo, Fl. Flumin. 70. 1829 ("1825").		TYPE: BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Without data (lectotype: Pl. no. mss1198651_049, Biblioteca Nacional, Rio de Janeiro). Lectotypified by S. Knapp et al., Taxon 64: 826. 2015.
Echites verticillatus	Echites verticillatus Sessé y Lacasta & Moçiño, Fl. Mexic. 39. 1894.

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen	Notes
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	09 Jun 1976	P. Genelle 2238
USA	Florida	Osceola Co.	14 Aug 1981	B. F. Hansen 8628
USA	Florida	Lake Co.	04 Sep 1991	B. F. Hansen 11911
USA	Florida	Highlands Co.	05 Sep 1981	R. P. Wunderlin 9119
USA	Florida	St. Lucie Co.	20 May 2009	C. Lockhart 630
USA	Florida	Glades Co.	28 Aug 2011	A. R. Franck 2691
USA	Florida	Manatee Co.	14 Sep 2008	E. Gandy LM0003
USA	Florida	Volusia Co.	07 Nov 2005	P. A. Schmalzer 05-103
USA	Florida	Orange Co.	30 Aug 2012	S. Myers 664
USA	Florida	St. Lucie Co.	11 Aug 2001	S. Myers 264
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	08 Oct 1991	B. F. Hansen 11990
USA	Florida	Highlands Co.	19 May 1982	D. S. Correll 53966
USA	Florida	Brevard Co.	22 Aug 1973	A.G. Shuey s.n.
USA	Florida	Charlotte Co.	09 Jul 1961	R. R. Smith 359
USA	Florida	Highlands Co.	02 Oct 1984	K. R. DeLaney 229
USA	Florida	Osceola Co.	16 Jun 1988	B. F. Hansen 11782
USA	Florida	St. Lucie Co.	12 Jul 2013	S. Myers 1052
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	02 Jun 2014	D. H. Williams 3934
USA	Florida	Pasco Co.	11 Sep 2012	R. Rowe WB0537
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	23 Jul 2015	J. R. Campbell 56
USA	Florida	Palm Beach Co.	10 Oct 1967	W. L. McCart 9363	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	Jul 1970	D. Burch 3990	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Pinellas Co.	Jul 1970	D. Burch 3905	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	Jul 1971	D. Burch 4792	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Sarasota Co.	Jul 1970	D. Burch 3904	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Manatee Co.	11 Jul 1970	D. Burch 3902	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Martin Co.	20 Jan 1998	K. Samuels s.n.	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	20 Dec 1966	O. K. Lakela 30427	CULTIVATED.
Paraguay	Gran Asuncion Dist.		05 Dec 1995	R. D. Locke 111	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	09 Jul 1971	D. Burch 4835	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Pasco Co.	Jul 1970	D. Burch 3897	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Osceola Co.	14 Aug 1981	B. F. Hansen 8629	CULTIVATED.
Colombia	Antioquia	Narino Mun.	14 Sep 1994	R. Fonnegra G. 5183	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	Jul 1970	D. Burch 3896	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	28 Jul 1966	F. Almeda 287	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	03 Aug 1970	D. Burch 3895	CULTIVATED.
Ecuador	Los Ríos Prov.		29 Feb 1980	J. B. Watson 418	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	20 Jun 1971	D. Burch 4130	CULTIVATED.
Mexico	Jalisco	Guadalajara Mun.	03 Nov 1971	C. L. Díaz Luna 2621	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	03 Apr 1973	M. B. Meagher 859	CULTIVATED. FTG 63-168; source: Myrtle Armstrong, Kitchen Door Nursery; native to Brazil.
USA	Florida	Lee Co.	28 Oct 1978	R. P. Wunderlin 6177	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	29 Sep 1961	R. W. Read 1268	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Orange Co.	12 Jun 1930	M. Mulvania s.n.	CULTIVATED.
Taiwan	Taipei Mun.		01 Jun 1961	Tseng-Chieng Huang 2387	CULTIVATED.
China	Guangdong Prov.		14 May 1919	T. K. Peng 5078	CULTIVATED. Propagated by air-layers April-May; cuttings cannot be taken.
Taiwan		Pingtung Co.	10 May 1976	C. E. Chang 8725	CULTIVATED.
USA	Connecticut	Windham Co.	22 Jul 1969	A. C. Gibson 1228	CULTIVATED.
USA	Texas	Atascosa Co.	09 Oct 1935	V. L. Cory s.n.	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	04 Jul 1968	R. A. Howard 17092	CULTIVATED.
USA	Pennsylvania	Chester Co.	06 Aug 1956	D. G. Huttleston 1308	CULTIVATED. L. 514.
USA	Florida	Lee Co.	26 Oct 1971	W. C. Brumbach 7712	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	Jul 1971	D. Burch 4792	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Lee Co.	06 Nov 1967	W. C. Brumbach 5977	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	29 Sep 1961	R. W. Read 1268	CULTIVATED.
USA	Massachusetts	Norfolk Co.	14 May 1969	A. C. Gibson 596	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	01 Jan 1968	P. M. Mazzeo 2421	CULTIVATED.
USA	Massachusetts	Hampshire Co.	26 Oct 1968	R. Hebb 639	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Orange Co.	s.d.	B. McArthur s.n.	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	03 Jan 1982	P. D. Sorensen 8200	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	13 Sep 1995	R. A. Howard 21191	CULTIVATED.
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	Jul 1971	D. Burch 4793	CULTIVATED.
Dominican Republic	San Cristóbal Prov.	San Cristóbal Mun.	s.d.	T. A. Zanoni 29526
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	04 May 1964	D. W. Buden 60	CULTIVATED.
Brazil	Amazonas		25 Jun 1971	P. J. M. Maas 333
Honduras	Francisco Morazán Dept.		11 May 1985	Fernando Alvarado Flores 200
Brazil	Acre	Rio Branco Mun.	24 Mar 1990	J. Bosco 144
Honduras	Francisco Morazán Dept.		03 Mar 1985	T. Garcia 125
Honduras	Francisco Morazán Dept.		24 May 1985	G. Rodríguez M. s.n.
Mexico	Veracruz	Cosamaloapan Mun.	02 Feb 1984	M. Nee 29341
Colombia	Antioquia Dept.	San Rafael Mun.	24 Oct 1987	A. E. Brant 1488
Brazil	Paraná		26 Mar 1967	J. C. Lindeman 5071
Brazil	Pará		10 Aug 1981	J. J. Strudwick 4492
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	18 Sep 1973	V. W. Yingst s.n.	CULTIVATED
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	21 Oct 1973	V. W. Yingst s.n.	CULTIVATED
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	21 Sep 2016	R. Rowe LR0221

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council

FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

Filter by County - Counties to Include - ANY versus ALL

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Filter by County - Counties to Exclude - ANY versus ALL

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Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen, Alan Franck, or Karla Alvarado

Web Development: USF Water Institute

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Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2024. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

Only plant populations vouchered by specimens deposited in Index Herbariorum http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ recognized herbaria are represented on this map.