Plumeria obtusa

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Family:	APOCYNACEAE
Species:	Plumeria obtusa L.
Common Name:	FRANGIPANI
Plant Notes:	Plumeria obtusa is probably based on a plant Catesby saw in the Bahamas. Recent work recognizes about 28 species of Plumeria native to the West Indies (Acevedo-Rodríguez & Strong 2012; Tiernan et al. 2020).
Status:	Not Native
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	GENTIANALES
Family	APOCYNACEAE
Genus	Plumeria
Species	Plumeria obtusa L. - FRANGIPANI

Citation

Citation	PLUMERIA OBTUSA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 210. 1753.
Basionym:	**
Type:	BAHAMA ISLANDS: Without data (lectotype: Catesby, Nat. Hist. Carolina 2: pl. 93. 1743). Lectotypified by Dandy, Sloane Herb. 112. 1958.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Monroe Keys	USF

Synonyms

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Plumeria apiculata	Plumeria apiculata Urban, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 16: 36. 1919.
Plumeria bahamensis	Plumeria bahamensis Urban, Symb. Antill. 1: 387. 1900.		TYPE: BAHAMA ISLANDS: Acklins Island: Without locality, s.d., Eggers 3918 (holotype: ?).
Plumeria barahonensis	Plumeria barahonensis Urban, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 341. 1916.
Plumeria beatensis	Plumeria beatensis Urban, Dansk Bot. Ark. 4(7): 9. 1924.		TYPE: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Beata Island, 23 Feb 1922, Ostenfeld 249 (holotype: B(destr.); isotype: C).
Plumeria casildensis	Plumeria casildensis Urban, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 218. 1925.		TYPE: CUBA: Santa Clara: Near Casilda, 28Mar 1924, Ekman 18877 (holotype: S).
Plumeria cayensis	Plumeria cayensis Urban, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 218. 1925.		TYPE: CUBA: Camaguey: Cayo Sabinal between Corte Jicote and El Fuerte, Oct, Ekman 15529 (holotype: S).
Plumeria clusioides	Plumeria clusioides Grisebach, Cat. Pl. Cub. 171. 1866.		TYPE: CUBA: Without data, Wright 2953 (holotype: GOET; isotypes: LV, G, NY 2 shts, US).
Plumeria clusioides var. parviflora	Plumeria clusioides Grisebach, var. parviflora (Grisebach) M. Gómez de la Maza y Jiménez, Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 23: 273. 1894.	BASIONYM: Plumeria obtusa Linnaeus, var. parviflora Grisebach 1862.
Plumeria confusa	Plumeria confusa Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42: 505. 1915.		TYPE: JAMAICA: Great Goat Island, s.d., Harris 9309 (holotype: NY).
Plumeria cubensis	Plumeria cubensis Urban, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 21: 219. 1925.		TYPE: CUBA: Habana: Río Quezada, May, Ekman 16448 (holotype: S; isotype: B(destr.)).
Plumeria cuneifolia	Plumeria cuneifolia Helwig, Ark. Bot. 22A(10): 44. 1929.		TYPE: HAITI: Peninsula NW prope Port-de-Paix non procul a Saline-Michel ad occidentem versus, Aug< Ekman 4577 (holotype ?).
Plumeria dictyophylla	Plumeria dictyophylla Urban, Symb. Antill. 9: 239. 1924.		TYPE: CUBA: Oriente: Prope Guantanamo, Sep, Ekman 2910 (holotype: S).
Plumeria domingensis	Plumeria domingensis Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 338. 1902.
Plumeria ekmanii	Plumeria ekmanii Urban, Symb. Antill. 9: 239. 1924.		TYPE: CUBA: Oriente: Prope Baracoa, Dec, Ekman 3985 (holotype: S).
Plumeria emarginata	Plumeria emarginata Grisebach, Cat. Pl. Cub. 171. 1866.		TYPE: CUBA: Without data, Wright 2951 (holotype: GOET; isotypes: NY 2 shts).
Plumeria emarginata var. sericifolia	Plumeria emarginata Grisebach, var. sericifolia (C. Wright ex Grisebach) M. Gómez de la Maza y Jiménez, Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 23: 273. 1894.	BASIONYM: Plumeria sericifolia C. Wright ex Grisebach 1866.
Plumeria estrellensis	Plumeria estrellensis Urban, Symb. Antill. 9: 240. 1924.		TYPE: CUBA: Oriente: In Loma de Estrella, Jul, Ekman 1738 (holotype: S).
Plumeria gibbosa	Plumeria gibbosa Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 338. 1902.		TYPE: HAITI: Savane Brulée ad Petite Rivière de l'Arbonite, Apr, Picarda 1600 (holotype: B(destr.)).
Plumeria inaguensis	Plumeria inaguensis Britton, Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 3: 448. 1905.		TYPE: BAHAMA ISLANDS: Inagua Island: Salt Pond Hill, s.d., Nash & Taylor 960 (holotype: NY).
Plumeria jamaicensis	Plumeria jamaicensis Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37: 356. 1910.		TYPE: JAMAICA: Portland Par.: Wheelerfield, 13 Mar 1909, Britton 4123 (holotype: NY).
Plumeria krugii	Plumeria krugii Urban, Symb. Antill. 1:387. 1900.		TYPE: PUERTO RICO: Prope Maricao in declivibus montis Alegrillo, s.d., Sintenis 321 (holotype: ?).
Plumeria lanata	Plumeria lanata Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42: 504. 1915.		TYPE: CUBA: Oriente: Vicinity of Baracoa, Mar 1903, Underwood & Earle 1442 (holotype; NY).
Plumeria leuconeura	Plumeria leuconeura Urban, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 8. 1927.		TYPE: CUBA:
Plumeria marchii	Plumeria marchii Urban, Symb. Antill. 3: 334. 1902.		TYPE: JAMAICA: Without data, s.d., March 1820 (holotype: ?).
Plumeria montana	Plumeria montana Britton & Wilson, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 50: 46. 1923.		TYPE: CUBA: Oriente: Banks of Yara River, Siera Maestra, s.d., Léon 11060 (holotype: NY).
Plumeria multiflora	Plumeria multiflora Standley, Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 33. 1930.		TYPE: MEXICO: Yucatán: Knacabsonot, May 1917, Gaumer 23880 (holotype: F; isotypes: MO, NY, US).
Plumeria nipensis	Plumeria nipensis Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42: 505. 1915.		TYPE: CUBA: Oriente: Between Piedra Gorda and Woodfred, Sierra Nipe, 8 Dec 1909, Shafer 3089 (holotype: NY; isotype: US).
Plumeria obtusa subsp. sericifolia	Plumeria obtusa Linnaeus, subsp. sericifolia (C. Wright ex Grisebach) Borhidi, Bot. Közlem. 62: 26. 1975.	BASIONYM: Plumeria sericifolia C. Wright ex Grisebach 1866.
Plumeria obtusa var. laevis	Plumeria obtusa Linnaeus, var. laevis Grisebach, Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, ser. 2. 8: 519. 1862.		TYPE: CUBA: Without data, Wright 1382 (holotype: GOET; isotype: G).
Plumeria obtusa var. parviflora	Plumeria obtusa Linnaeus, var. parviflora Grisebach, Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, ser. 2. 8: 519. 1862.		TYPE: CUBA: Oriente: Near Monte Verde, Jan-Jul 1859, Wright 1831 (holtype: GOET; isotypes: B(destr.), BR, G 2 shts, GH, HAC, MO, P).
Plumeria obtusa var. sericifolia	Plumeria obtusa Linnaeus, var. sericifolia (C. Wright ex Grisebach) Woodson, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 214. 1938.	BASIONYM: Plumeria sericifolia C. Wright ex Grisebach 1866.
Plumeria ostenfeldii	Plumeria ostenfeldii Urban, Dansk Bot. Ark. 4(7): 9. 1924.		TYPE: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Beata Island, 23 Feb 1922, Ostenfeld 341 (holotype: B(destr.); isotype: C, NY).
Plumeria pilosula	Plumeria pilosula Urban, Symb. Antill. 9: 238. 1924.		TYPE: CUBA: Oriente: Near Guantánamo, 24 Sep 1914, Ekman 2909 (holotype: B(destr.); isotype: S).
Plumeria portoricensis	Plumeria portoricensis Urban, Symb. Antill. 1: 387. 1900.		TYPE: PUERTO RICO: Without data (holotype: Krug, Icon. pl. 49, destroyed).
Plumeria sericifolia	Plumeria sericifolia C. Wright ex Grisebach, Cat. Pl. Cub. 171. 1866.		TYPE: CUBA: Oriente: Near Cajalbana, s.d., Wright 2952 (holotype: GOET; isotypes: G 2 shts, GH, HAC, MO, NY, US).
Plumeria tenorii	Plumeria tenorii Gasparrini, Ann. Civili Regno Due Sicilie 1: 123. 1833; Oss. Piant. Ort. Boccad. 20. 1833.
Plumeria trinitensis	Plumeria trinitensis Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot Club 42: 506. 1915.		TYPE: CUBA: Santa Clara: La Vigia Hill, Trinidad, 14 Mar 1910, Britton & Wilson 5514 (holotype: NY).
Plumeria tuberculata	Plumeria tuberculata Loddiges, Bot. Cab. 7: t. 681. 1823.		TYPE: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Without data (lectotype: Loddiges, Bot. Cab. 7: t. 681. 1823). Lectotypified by I. M. Turner, Taxon 65: 1143. 2016.
Plumeria venosa	Plumeria venosa Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42: 506. 1915.		TYPE: CUBA: Oriente: Basin of Río Guama, Sevilla Estate near Santiago, s.d., Taylor 93 (holotype: NY).

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen	Notes
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	06 Aug 1966	R. W. Long 2104
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	04 Jul 1968	R. A. Howard 17065	CULTIVATED. Sheet 2 of 2.
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	04 Jul 1968	R. A. Howard 17065	CULTIVATED. Sheet 1 of 2.
USA	Pennsylvania	Chester Co.	17 Jul 1962	J. E. Peele III 901	CULTIVATED. Acc. 57209.
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	31 Jan 1994	R. A. Howard 21009	CULTIVATED.
Puerto Rico		Sabana Grande Mun.	30 Nov 1981	B. F. Hansen 9523
Bahamas	Eleuthera Island	South Eleuthera Distr.	12 Jul 1981	R. P. Sauleda 5755
Dominican Republic	La Romana Prov.	La Romana Mun.	19 Aug 1982	R. P. Sauleda 7430
Bahamas	Cat Island	Cat Island Distr.	13 Jul 1983	R. P. Sauleda 8372
Bahamas	Long Island	Long Island Distr.	08 Jul 1998	E. Freid 98-232
Bahamas	Exuma	Black Point Distr.	28 Jun 1995	E. Freid 95-155
Jamaica	Cornwall Co.	St. Elizabeth Par.	Apr 1847	J. Wolle s.n.
Jamaica	Cornwall Co.	St. Elizabeth Par.	Feb 1847	J. Wolle s.n.
Bahamas	Andros Island	North Andros Distr.	06 Nov 1976	R. P. Sauleda 1304
Bahamas	New Providence Island		05 Sep 1983	R. P. Sauleda 8389
Mexico	Yucatán		24 Mar 1970	H. Andorfer 5

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council

FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

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Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen, Alan Franck, or Karla Alvarado

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Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2024. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

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