Contains 10 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
A recent FNA treatment recognized 169 species in the USA and Canada and 42 species (one as a hybrid) in Florida. This treatment mostly follows Ward (2009).
Classification
Citation
CRATAEGUS Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 475. 1753, nom. cons. vs. Mespilus Linnaeus 1753.
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TYPE: Crataegus oxyacantha Linnaeus, nom. rej. Lectotypified by Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2. 2: 294. 1913; M. L. Green, Prop. Brit. Bot. 158. 1929.
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crataegus aestivalis | MAY HAW; MAY HAWTHORN | Native OBL (NWPL) OBL (DEP) | ||
| Crataegus crus-galli | COCKSPUR HAWTHORN | Native FAC (NWPL) | ||
| Crataegus flava | YELLOWLEAF HAWTHORN; BEAUTIFUL HAWTHORN; SARGENT'S HAWTHORN | Native FAC (NWPL) | ||
| Crataegus marshallii | PARSLEY HAWTHORN | Native FAC (NWPL) FACW (DEP) | ||
| Crataegus michauxii | MICHAUX'S HAWTHORN | Native | ||
| Crataegus opaca | RIVERFLAT HAWTHORN; WESTERN MAYHAW | Native OBL (NWPL) | ||
| Crataegus phaenopyrum | WASHINGTON HAWTHORN | Native Endangered-State FAC (NWPL) | ||
| Crataegus spathulata | LITTLEHIP HAWTHORN | Native FAC (NWPL) | ||
| Crataegus uniflora | DWARF HAWTHORN | Native | ||
| Crataegus viridis | GREEN HAWTHORN | Native FACW (NWPL) FACW (DEP) |
Identification Key
1. Proximal vein axils of leaf blade undersides cavernous, forming pubescent (rarely glabrate) pockets (domatia)
2
1. Proximal vein axils of leaf blades undersides flush with the rest of the blade, glabrous (midrib and secondary veins sometimes sparsely pilose)
8
2. Leaf blades mostly dentate to serrate, the teeth generally triangular, the blades mostly (3)4-7 cm long
3
2. Leaf blades mostly subentire to crenate, the teeth generally rounded, the blades mostly 1-5 cm long
5
3. Leaf blade underside glabrescent except for pubescence around domatia; pedicels 5-15 mm long; fruits 5-8 mm wide
3. Leaf blade underside midribs and veins densely rufous-pubescent; pedicels 0-3 mm long; fruits (8)12-15 mm wide
4
4. Leaf blade elliptic to broadly elliptic, lateral veins 5-9 per side; pedicels glabrate; fruits 12-15 mm wide
4. Leaf blade broadly elliptic to obovate; lateral veins 3-5 per side; pedicels rufous-pubescent; fruits 10-12 mm wide
5. Leaf blade upperside glabrous to scabridulous, underside midribs and veins sparsely strigose, sparsely pubescent, to glabrous except for pale pubescence around domatia; leaf blade and bracteole marginal glands obscure; fruits 8-20 mm wide; of hydric to mesic-hydric areas
5. Leaf blade upperside and underside sparsely strigose to denseely pubescent; fruits (5)6-12(15) mm wide; of xeric to mesic-xeric areas
6
6. Leaf blade margins without glands or these obscure
6. Leaf blade and bracteole marginal glands usually prominent
7
7. Branches weeping or pendent; leaf blade narrowly spatulate (sometimes broader on young shoots)
7. Brnaches spreading, not pendent; leaf blade broadly spatulate to obovate
8. Leaf blades broadest near the base
9
8. Leaf blades broadest above the middle
11
9. Leaf blades pinnately dissected-lobed, sinuses nearly reaching midrib
9. Leaf blades shallowly lobed, sinus less than halfway to midrib
10
10. Leaf blades with 2 lateral lobes, the lobe tips acuminate; ovary 4-5 mm wide, fruits 8-10 mm wide
10. Leaf blades weakly lobed, the lobe tips acute; ovary 2-3 mm wide, fruits 4-5 mm wide
11. Pedicels 1-3 mm long; sepals often coarsely dentate with teeth >0.5 mm long
11. Pedicels (4)8-25 mm long; sepals entire to weakly dentate with teeth <0.5 mm long
12
12. Pedicel pubescent; sepals narrowly acute, 3-4 mm long; fruit >4 mm wide
12. Pedicel glabrous; sepals deltoid, 1-2 mm long; fruit 3-4 mm wide
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anthomeles | Anthomeles M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 3: 102, 140. 1847. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Azarolus | Azarolus Borkhausen, Theoret. Handb. Forstbot. 2: 1224. 1803. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Halmia | Halmia Medikus ex M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 3: 101, 134. 1847. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Oxyacantha | Oxyacantha Medikus, Philos. Bot. 1: 150, 154, 155. 1789. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Phaenopyrum | Phaenopyrum M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 3: 103, 152. 1847. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Phalacros | Phalacros Wenzig, Linnaea 38: 164. 1874. | TYPE: Phalacros cordata (Miller) Wenzig (Mespilus cordata Miller) | |
| Xeromalon | Xeromalon Rafinesque, New Fl. 3: 11. 1838. | TYPE: Xeromalon obovatum Rafinesque |