Jacquemontia pentanthos

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens from wild populations. Cultivated occurrences are not mapped. View county names by placing the cursor over the map.

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Family:	CONVOLVULACEAE
Species:	Jacquemontia pentanthos (Jacq.)G.Don
Common Name:	SKYBLUE CLUSTERVINE
Plant Notes:	Although the spelling "pentantha" has sometimes been used, according to Nicolson (1986) "pentanthos" is the appropriate spelling.
Status:	Native, Endangered-State, FAC (NWPL)
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	SOLANALES
Family	CONVOLVULACEAE
Genus	Jacquemontia
Species	Jacquemontia pentanthos (Jacq.)G.Don - SKYBLUE CLUSTERVINE

Citation

Citation	JACQUEMONTIA PENTANTHOS (Jacquin) G. Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 283. 1837.
Basionym:	Convolvulus pentanthos Jacquin 1791.
Type:	Without data, Herb. Jacquin s.n. (lectotype: W). Lectotypified by D'Arcy, Taxon 19: 559. 1970.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Broward	FTG
Collier	USF
Miami-Dade	USF
Monroe Keys	USF
Monroe Mainland	USF

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Convolvulus pentanthos	Convolvulus pentanthos Jacquin, Collectanea 4: 210. 1791.		TYPE: Without data, Herb. Jacquin s.n. (lectotype: W). Lectotypified by D'Arcy, Taxon 19: 559. 1970.
Convolvulus umbellatus	Convolvulus umbellatus Sessé y Lacasta & Mociño, Fl. Mexic. 35. 1893, non Linnaeus 1753..		TYPE: MEXICO:
Convolvulus violaceus	Convolvulus violaceus Vahl, Symb. Bot. 3: 29. 1794.		TYPE: VIRGIN ISLANDS: St. Croix, w.d., West s.n. (holotype: C?).
Jacquemontia violacea	Jacquemontia violacea (Vahl) Choisy, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 8: 61. 1837.	BASIONYM: Convolvulus violaceus Vahl 1794.
Jacquemontia violacea var. abbreviata	Jacquemontia violacea (Vahl) Choisy, var. abbreviata Choisy, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 8: 62. 1837.	BASIONYM: Convolvulus pentanthos Jacquin 1791.
Jacquemontia violacea var. glabriuscula	Jacquemontia violacea (Vahl) Choisy, var. glabriuscula Meisner, in Martius, Fl. Bras. 7: 296. 1869, nom. illegit.	BASIONYM: Jacquemontia violacea (Vahl) Choisy, var. abbreviata Choisy 1837; Convolvulus pentanthos Jacquin 1791.
Aniseia velloziana var. laxiflora	Aniseia velloziana (Martius) Choisy, var. laxiflora Meisner, in Martius, Fl. Bras. 7: 321. 1869.
Convolvulus azureus	Convolvulus azureus Desrousseaux, in Lamarck, Encycl. 3: 554. 1792.		TYPE: FRENCH GUIANA: Without data, LeBlond s.n. (holotype: P).
Convolvulus canescens	Convolvulus canescens Kunth, in Humboldt et al., Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 99. 1819.		TYPE: COLOMBIA:
Convolvulus nummularius	Convolvulus nummularius Vahl, Eclog. Amer. 2: 13. 1798, non Linnaeus 1753.		TYPE: Without data, von Rohr s.n. (holotype: C).
Ipomoea canescens	Ipomoea canescens (Kunth) G. Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 273. 1837.	BASIONYM: Convolvulus canescens Kunth 1819.
Ipomoea violacea var. canescens	Ipomoea violacea (Vahl) Choisy, var. canescens (Kunth) Choisy, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 8: 62. 1837.	BASIONYM: Convolvulus canescens Kunth 1819.
Jacquemontia azurea	Jacquemontia azurea (Desrousseaux) Choisy, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 6: 467. 1834.	BASIONYM: Convolvulus azureus Desrousseaux 1792.
Jacquemontia azurea var. alba	Jacquemontia azurea (Desrousseaux) Choisy, var. alba Seemann, Bot. Voy. Herald 172. 1854.		TYPE: PANAMA: Without data, Seemann 487 (holotype: K).
Jacquemontia canescens	Jacquemontia canescens (Kunth) Bentham, Pl. Hartw. 226. 1846.	BASIONYM: Convolvulus canescens Kunth 1819.
Jacquemontia elongata	Jacquemontia elongata Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 53: 470. 1926.		TYPE: TRINIDAD: Manzanilla, 9 Mar 1921, Britton & Britton 2191 (holotype: NY).
Jacquemontia houseana	Jacquemontia houseana Standley, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 140. 1932.		TYPE: BELIZE: Cayo Distr.: El Cayo, s.d., Bartlett 12928 (holotype: F).
Jacquemontia violacea var. guatemalensis	Jacquemontia violacea (Vahl) Choisy, var. guatemalensis Meisner, in Martius, Fl. Bras. 7: 296. 1869.		TYPE: GUATEMALA: Without data, Friedrichsthal 1 (holotype: W).
Jacquemontia violacea var. rotundifolia	Jacquemontia violacea (Vahl) Choisy, var. rotundifolia Choisy, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 8: 62. 1837.

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen	Notes
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	11 Oct 1981	W. C. Brumbach 9740	Sheet 1 of 2.
USA	Florida	Collier Co.	07 Apr 1952	G. R. Cooley 856
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	25 Jan 1963	D. B. Ward 3298
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	25 Jan 1963	D. A. Ward 3298	Sheet 2 of 2.
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	28 Dec 1975	R. A. Hilsenbeck 523
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	19 Apr 1964	D. B. Ward 3957
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	18 Nov 1978	W. C. Brumbach 9431
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	11 Feb 1967	R. W. Long 2445
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	12 Dec 1974	J. E. Poppleton s.n.
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	27 Nov 1982	R. P. Sauleda 7990
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	01 Mar 1952	G. R. Cooley 1099
USA	Florida	Miami-Dade Co.	30 Jan 1961	R. R. Smith 18
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	13 Feb 1967	O. K. Lakela 30657
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	14 Mar 1982	R. P. Sauleda 7060
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	13 Nov 1964	O. K. Lakela 27889
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	11 Oct 1981	W. C. Brumbach 9740	Sheet 2 of 2.
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	12 Nov 1964	O. K. Lakela 27876
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	14 Nov 1964	O. K. Lakela 27941
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	23 Apr 1963	L. J. Brass 33037
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	29 Mar 1979	D. LeDoux 2455
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	15 Jan 2014	J. N. Burch 2773
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	29 Mar 2003	J. N. Burch 2632
USA	Florida	Collier Co.	Sep 1987	J. N. Burch 220
Puerto Rico		San Germán Mun.	27 Mar 1971	D. Burch 3459
Barbados	St. Thomas Par.		19 Feb 1965	G. R. Proctor 25818
Puerto Rico		Ponce Mun.	18 Nov 1981	B. F. Hansen 9113
Puerto Rico		Sabana Grande Mun.	20 Nov 1981	B. F. Hansen 9233
Puerto Rico		Sabana Grande Mun.	30 Nov 1981	B. F. Hansen 9533
U.S. Virgin Islands	St. John Island	St. John Distr.	04 Jun 1985	P. Acevedo 862
St. Vincent & the Grenadines	St. Vincent	St. George Par.	09 Mar 1962	G. R. Cooley 8476
Brazil	Paraná		15 Nov 1966	J. C. Lindeman 3261
Panama	Los Santos Prov.		14 Apr 1970	W. G. D'Arcy 4217
Mexico	Yucatán		13 Jan 1979	S. P. Darwin 1253
Mexico	Quintana Roo		24 Dec 1967	W. H. Lewis 6853	Specimen prepared from greenhouse plant, Apr 1969 by K. Robertson.
Venezuela	Carabobo		06 Jan 1939	A. H. G. Alston 6127
El Salvador	Usulután Dept.		06 Nov 1957	L. González 1794
USA	Florida	Collier Co.	27 Dec 1967	A. Hetzell 22
USA	Florida	Monroe Co.	26 Mar 1933	A. E. Perkins s.n.

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council

FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

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Associated Ecological Communities

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For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen, Alan Franck, or Karla Alvarado

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Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2024. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

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