Aureolaria pectinata

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens from wild populations. Cultivated occurrences are not mapped. View county names by placing the cursor over the map.

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Family:	OROBANCHACEAE
Species:	Aureolaria pectinata (Nutt.)Pennell
Common Name:	FERNLEAF YELLOW FALSE FOXGLOVE
Status:	Native
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	LAMIALES
Family	OROBANCHACEAE
Genus	Aureolaria
Species	Aureolaria pectinata (Nutt.)Pennell - FERNLEAF YELLOW FALSE FOXGLOVE

Citation

Citation	AUREOLARIA PECTINATA (Nuttall) Pennell, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 414. 1913
Basionym:	Gerardia pedicularia Linnaeus, var. pectinata Nuttall 1818.
Type:	SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Nuttall s.n. (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by Pennell, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Monogr. 1: 403. 1935.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua	USF
Bay	FLAS
Calhoun	FSU
Citrus	USF
Clay	FLAS
Collier	FLAS
Duval	FLAS
Escambia	FLAS
Flagler	USF
Franklin	USF
Gadsden	FLAS
Gilchrist	USF
Gulf	FSU
Hernando	USF
Hillsborough	USF
Jackson	FLAS
Jefferson	FLAS
Lafayette	FSU
Lake	USF
Leon	FSU
Levy	FLAS
Liberty	FLAS
Madison	FSU
Manatee	USF
Marion	USF
Okaloosa	USF
Orange	FLAS
Osceola	FLAS
Pasco	USF
Polk	USF
Putnam	USF
Sarasota	USF
Seminole	USF
Volusia	FLAS
Wakulla	USF
Walton	USF

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Agalinis pedicularia var. pectinata	Agalinis pedicularia (Linnaeus) S. F. Blake, var. pectinata (Nuttall) S. F. Blake, Rhodora 20: 70. 1918.	BASIONYM: Gerardia pedicularia Linnaeus. var. pectinata Nuttall 1818.
Aureolaria pectinata subsp. floridana	Aureolaria pectinata (Nuttall) Pennell, subsp. floridana Pennell, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 414. 1913.		TYPE: FLORIDA: Franklin Co.: Fort Gadsden, 20 Sep 1912, Pennell 4683 (holotype: PH).
Aureolaria pectinata subsp. typica	Aureolaria pectinata (Nuttall) Pennell, subsp. typica Pennell, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Monogr. 1: 403. 1935, nom. inadmis.	BASIONYM: Aureolaria pectinata (Nuttall) Pennell 1913; Gerardia pedicularia Linnaeus, var. pectinata Nuttall 1818.
Dasistoma pectinatum	Dasistoma pectinatum(Nuttall) Bentham, in de Candolle, Prodr. 10: 521. 1846.	BASIONYM: Gerardia pedicularia Linnaeus, var. pectinata Nuttall 1818.
Gerardia pectinata	Gerardia pectinata (Nuttall) Torrey ex Bentham, in Hooker, Companion Bot. Mag. 1: 206. 1836.	BASIONYM: Gerardia pedicularia Linnaeus, var. pectinata Nuttall 1818.
Gerardia pedicularia var. pectinata	Gerardia pedicularia Linnaeus, var. pectinata Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 48. 1818.		TYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Nuttall s.n. (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by Pennell, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Monogr. 1: 403. 1935.
Aureolaria pectinata subsp. eurycarpa	Aureolaria pectinata (Nuttall) Pennell, subsp. eurycarpa (Pennell) Pennell, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Monogr. 1: 404. 1935.	BASIONYM: Aureolaria pectinata (Nuttall) Pennell, var. eurycarpa Pennell 1928.
Aureolaria pectinata subsp. transcendens	Aureolaria pectinata (Nuttall) Pennell, subsp. transcendens (Pennell) Pennell, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Monogr. 1: 404. 1935.	BASIONYM: Aureolaria pectinata (Nuttall) Pennell, var. transcendens Pennell 1928.
Aureolaria pectinata var. eurycarpa	Aureolaria pectinata (Nuttall) Pennell, var. eurycarpa Pennell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 80: 425. 1928.		TYPE: GEORGIA: DeKalb Co.: Lithonia, 15 Oct 1913, Pennell 5700 (holotype: PH).
Aureolaria pectinata var. ozarkensis	Aureolaria pectinata (Nuttall) Pennell, var. ozarkensis Pennell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 80: 425. 1928.		TYPE: MISSOURI: Howell Co.: Mountain View, 31 Aug 1913, Pennell 5337 (holotype: PH).
Aureolaria pectinata var. transcendens	Aureolaria pectinata (Nuttall) Pennell, var. transcendens Pennell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 80: 424. 1928.		TYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA: Aiken Co.: Aiken, 23 Jul 1900, Biltmore Herb. 4816 (holotype: US).

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen
USA	Florida	Marion Co.	03 Jul 2008	M. T. Strong 3813
USA	Florida	Lake Co.	23 Jun 1985	R. Daubenmire s.n.
USA	Florida	Citrus Co.	19 May 1984	M. E. Schmid A-402
USA	Florida	Citrus Co.	24 Sep 1983	M. E. Schmid A-336
USA	Florida	Okaloosa Co.	17 Aug 1983	G. Wilhelm 11754
USA	Florida	Gilchrist Co.	25 Oct 1985	B. F. Hansen 10945
USA	Florida	Pasco Co.	31 May 1984	B. F. Hansen 9922
USA	Florida	Franklin Co.	01 Oct 2011	W. D. Longbottom 16573
USA	Florida	Citrus Co.	28 Jun 1983	M. E. Schmid A-276
USA	Florida	Flagler Co.	12 Jun 1978	D. Tabb s.n.
USA	Florida	Citrus Co.	11 Jun 1983	N. L. Mawhinney 173
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	14 Jun 1961	J. D. Ray, Jr. 11009
USA	Florida	Manatee Co.	12 Apr 1943	A. E. Perkins s.n.
USA	Florida	Seminole Co.	15 May 1964	P. O. Schallert 15105
USA	Florida	Alachua Co.	21 May 1966	G. T. Crosby 313
USA	Florida	Putnam Co.	20 Aug 1961	R. West 122
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	19 May 1983	D. Richardson 988
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	05 Jul 1963	O. K. Lakela 25079
USA	Florida	Walton Co.	28 Jun 1981	D. S. Correll 52135
USA	Florida	Okaloosa Co.	27 Jul 1981	D. S. Correll 52220
USA	Florida	Citrus Co.	19 Sep 1981	D. S. Correll 52560
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	12 Jul 1962	O. K. Lakela 25175
USA	Florida	Pasco Co.	24 May 1982	G. Robinson 526
USA	Florida	Citrus Co.	11 Apr 1976	L. Baltzell 8255
USA	Florida	Marion Co.	11 Jun 1976	L. Baltzell 8486
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	12 Jun 1982	D. Richardson 872
USA	Florida	Marion Co.	09 May 1975	D. L. Martin 547
USA	Florida	Citrus Co.	22 Sep 1959	G. R. Cooley 7168
USA	Florida	Citrus Co.	23 Sep 1959	G. R. Cooley 7168
USA	Florida	Sarasota Co.	14 Jul 2008	A. R. Franck 719
USA	Florida	Manatee Co.	22 Sep 2005	C. Becker WC0632
USA	Florida	Manatee Co.	21 May 1994	S. Cole SF0260
USA	Florida	Marion Co.	23 May 2001	C. Slaughter 12490
USA	Florida	Pasco Co.	22 Jul 2003	C. vanHoek WB0424
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	05 Jul 2001	A. C. Schmidt 8
USA	Tennessee	Van Buren Co.	09 Sep 2000	V. E. McNeilus 00-1024
USA	Florida	Hernando Co.	17 Jul 2019	C. Becker WW0228
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	19 May 2011	S. Dickman 372
USA	Florida	Wakulla Co.	Sep 1845	F. I. X. Rugel 498

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council

FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

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Filter by County - Counties to Exclude - ANY versus ALL

Any - An Any search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean Or. Plant species returned will not be found within at least one of the selected counties.
All - An All search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean And. Plant species returned will not be found within any of the selected counties.

Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen, Alan Franck, or Karla Alvarado

Web Development: USF Water Institute

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Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2024. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

Only plant populations vouchered by specimens deposited in Index Herbariorum http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ recognized herbaria are represented on this map.