Solanum chenopodioides

Family:SOLANACEAE
Species:Solanum chenopodioides Lam.
Common Name:BLACK NIGHTSHADE
Plant Notes:Solanum pseudogracile is the name typically applied to the more common representatives of this group in Florida. Solanum chenopodioides has been considered a different species and an extremely widespread cosmopolitan weed (Särkinen et al. 2015;l Särkinen et al. 2018), that is much less common in Florida. The possibility has been raised that S. pseudogracile is "merely a form of S. chenopodioides" (Knapp et al. 2019). The longer, rectangular to obovate calyx lobes with rounded to acute tips reflexed in fruit and the style extending (1)2.0-2.5 mm beyond the anther cone distinguishes S. pseudogracile. Comparatively, S. chenopodioides has short, triangular calyx lobes acute at the apex and appressed to the fruit with the style extending to 1.5 mm beyond the anther cone (Knapp et al. 2019).
Status:Native, FACU (NWPL)
Specimen: View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order SOLANALES
FamilySOLANACEAE
Genus Solanum
Species Solanum chenopodioides Lam. - BLACK NIGHTSHADE

Citation

Citation SOLANUM CHENOPODIOIDES Lamarck, Tabl. Encycl. 2: 18. 1794.
Basionym: **
Type: ARGENTINA: Buenos Aires: Buenos Aires, s.d., Commerson s.n. (lectotype: P). Lectotypified by D'Arcy, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 739. 1973.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

CountyHerbariaLiterature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua FLAS  
Brevard USF  
Charlotte USF  
Citrus USF  
Columbia FLAS  
Dixie FLAS  
Duval FLAS  
Escambia FLAS  
Flagler FLAS  
Franklin FSU  
Gadsden FLAS  
Glades GH  
Gulf FSU  
Hardee FLAS  
Hendry USF  
Hernando USF  
Highlands FLAS  
Hillsborough USF  
Indian River FLAS  
Jackson FLAS  
Lake FLAS  
Lee USF  
Leon FSU  
Levy USF  
Liberty FSU  
Manatee USF  
Marion USF  
Martin USF  
Miami-Dade FTG  
Monroe Keys US  
Nassau FLAS  
Okeechobee USF  
Orange FLAS  
Osceola USF  
Palm Beach USF  
Pinellas USF  
Polk USF  
Putnam FLAS  
Sarasota USF  
St. Lucie FLAS  
Sumter USF  
Taylor FLAS  
Volusia USF  
Wakulla FSU  

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Solanum gracile Solanum gracile Dunal, in de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 54. 1852, non Sendtner 1846. TYPE: Cult. in France, 1831 (holotype: MPU).
Solanum gracilius Solanum gracilius Herter, Revista Sudamer. Bot. 7: 226. 1943.BASIONYM: Solanum gracile Dunal 1852, non Sendtner 1846.heterosyn
Solanum ottonis Solanum ottonis Hylander, Uppsala Univ. Arsskr. 7: 279. 1945, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Solanum gracilius Herter 1943; Solanum gracile Dunal 1852, non Sendtner 1846. 
Solanum pseudogracile Solanum pseudogracile Heiser, Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 76: 294. 1978. TYPE: NORTH CAROLINA: Onslow Co.: N of Surf City along NC 201, 16 Jul 1960, Bell 17061 (holotype: IND).
Solanum aloysiaefolium Solanum aloysiaefolium Dunal, in de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 73. 1852. TYPE: BOLIVIA: Without data, D'Orbigny 1208 (holotype: P).
Solanum approximatum Solanum approximatum Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 86. 1913. TYPE: JAMAICA: Hardware Gap, 17 Jul 1903, Nichols 59 (holotype: B(destroyed); isotypes: F, MO, NY, US).
Solanum chenopodifolium Solanum chenopodifolium Dunal, in de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 44. 1852. TYPE: URUGUAY: Without data, Commerson s.n. (holotype: P).
Solanum crenatodentataum Solanum crenatodentatum Dunal, in de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 54. 1852. TYPE: CHILE: San Fernando, s.d., Gay s.n. (lectotype: P). Lectotypified by D'Arcy, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 378. 1973.
Solanum crenatodentatum var. ramosissimum Solanum creantodentatum Dunal, var. ramosissimum Dunal, in de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 54. 1852. TYPE: LOUISIANA: Without data, Barbe s.n. (holotype: P).
Solanum deltaicum Solanum deltaicum Cabrera, Fl. Prov. Buenos Aires 5: 215. 1965. TYPE: ARGENTINA: Buenos Aires: Without data, Cabrera 10626 (holotyep: LP).
Solanum douglasii Solanum douglasii Dunal, in de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 48. 1852. TYPE: CALIFORNIA: Without data, Douglas s.n. (holotype: G-DC; isotypes: BM, K, MPU, P).
Solanum durangoense Solanum durangoense Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 82. 1913. TYPE: MEXICO: Durango: Vicinity of Durango, Apr-Nov 1896, Palmer 101 (holotype: B(destroyed); isotypes: F, MO, NY, US).
Solanum gracile var. microphyllum Solanum gracile Dunal, var. microphyllum Dunal, in de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 54. 1852. TYPE: BRAZIL/URUGUAY:
Solanum isabellii Solanum isabellii Dunal, in de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 53. 1852. TYPE: URUGUAY:
Solanum maioranthum Solanum maioranthum L. B. Smith & Downs, Phytologia 10: 425. 1964. TYPE: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina: Mun. Lauro Mueller: Serra by Rio do Rastro 20 km W of Lauro Mueller, 3 Apr 1957, Smith & Klein 12338 (holotype: US; isotypes: HBR, NY, R).
Solanum maracayuense Solanum maracayuense Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 227. 1912. TYPE: PARAGUAY: Without data, Hassler 5278 (holotype: B(destroyed); isotypes: G, K, W).
Solanum nigrum var. crenatodentatum Solanum nigrum Linnaeus, var. crenatodentatum (Dunal) O. E. Schulz, in Urban, Symb. Antill. 6: 160. 1909.BASIONYM: Solanum crenatodentatum Dunal 1852. 
Solanum nigrum var. douglasii Solanum nigrum Linnaeus, var. douglasii (Dunal) A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 228. 1878.BASIONYM: Solanum douglasii Dunal 1852. 
Solanum nigrum var. pilcomayense Solanum nigrum Linnaeus, var. pilcomayense (Morong) Chodat, Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 2. 2: 747. 1902.BASIONYM: Solanum pilcomayense Morong 1893. 
Solanum nigrum var. rigidum Solanum nigrum Linnaeus, var. rigidum Dunal, in de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 50. 1852. TYPE: Without data, "1841-1847" (lectotype: P). Lectotypified by D'Arcy, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 738. 1973.
Solanum oleraceum var. macrocarpum Solanum oleraceum Dunal, var. macrocarpum Dunal, in de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 50. 1852. TYPE: BRAZIL: Without data, Martius 1255 (holotype: G-DC; isotype: P).
Solanum oligospermum Solanum oligospermum Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 80. 1913. TYPE: MEXICO: Oaxaca: Sierra de San Felipe, 6 Oct 1894, Pringle 4948 (holotype: Z; isotype: NY).
Solanum pilcomayense Solanum pilcomayense Morong, in Morong & Britton, Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 177. 1893. TYPE: PARAGUAY: Upper Pilcomayo, Jan-May 1899, Morong 898 (holotype: NY; isotypes: BM, K).
Solanum prionopterum Solanum prionopterum Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 5. 1912. TYPE: VENEZUELA: Without data, Gollmer s.n. (holotype: B(destroyed)).
Solanum pterocaulon var. aguaraquiya Solanum pterocaulon Dunal, var. aguaraquiya Dunal, in de Candolle, Prodr. 13(1): 52. 1852. TYPE: BRAZIL:
Solanum pulchrilobum Solanum pulchrilobum Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 4. 1912. TYPE: PARAGUAY:
Solanum pygmaeum Solanum pygmaeum Cavanilles, Icon. 5: 23, t. 439(2). 1799. TYPE: ARGENTINA: Buenos Aires:
Solanum sublobatum Solanum sublobatum Willdenow ex Roemer & Schultes, Syst. Veg. 4: 664. 1819. TYPE: ARGENTINA: Without data (holotype: B-W).
Solanum syringoideum subsp. pilcomayense Solanum syringoideum Bitter, subsp. pilcomayense (Morong) Hassler, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 15: 227. 1918.BASIONYM: Solanum pilcomayense Morong 1893. 
Solanum vile Solanum vile Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 221. 1912. TYPE: BRAZIL: Without data, Ule 4310 (holotype: B(destroyed); isotype: HBG).

Specimens

Country State County Date Specimen Notes Image
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 12 Dec 1973 L. Fowler 236
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 13 Dec 1973 L. Fowler 226
USA Florida Osceola Co. 07 Apr 1980 R. P. Sauleda 3475
USA Florida Lee Co. 11 Feb 1967 G. R. Cooley 11850
USA Florida Lee Co. 19 Dec 1990 I. Phillips 52
USA Florida Lee Co. 30 Apr 1992 A. Peters GI0031
USA Florida Lee Co. 11 Feb 1979 S. Morrill 187
USA Florida Hendry Co. 28 Jan 1951 G. R. Cooley 797
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 09 Apr 1988 G. Fleming 4003
USA Florida Citrus Co. 01 Mar 1983 M. E. Schmid A-131
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 31 May 1961 V. Ducey 202
USA Florida Charlotte Co. 27 Apr 1991 S. Erickson PC0039
USA Florida Brevard Co. 17 Oct 1964 O. K. Lakela 27696
USA Florida Palm Beach Co. 27 Jul 1956 G. R. Cooley 4800
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 29 Jul 1979 J. Watson 12
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 07 Jul 1973 L. Fowler 60
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 12 May 1967 R. W. Long 2581
USA Florida Hernando Co. 24 Apr 1959 G. R. Cooley 6666
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 21 May 1979 S. DuBois 79-5-24
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 05 Apr 1994 S. Cole OS0187
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 06 Nov 1976 P. Genelle 2548
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 24 Aug 1960 J. D. Ray, Jr. 10039
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 19 Mar 1997 B. K. Holst 6026
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 14 Feb 1996 B. K. Holst 5059
USA Florida Charlotte Co. 07 Mar 1995 S. Cole PB0059
USA Florida Manatee Co. 30 Jan 1993 R. Owens SF0056
USA Florida Polk Co. 17 Feb 2004 B. F. Hansen 13001
USA Florida Marion Co. 16–17 Aug 1985 S. A. Thompson 2702
USA Florida Brevard Co. 07 Jun 1964 O. K. Lakela 27195
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 25 Oct 1980 G. Fleming 3392
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 13 Oct 1979 G. Fleming 3271
USA Florida Sumter Co. 12 Apr 2006 E. Jensen DB0109
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 15 Aug 1999 J. Myers 438
USA Florida Volusia Co. 13 Jan 2006 J. M. Kunzer 1287
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 30 Nov 1963 O. K. Lakela 26766
USA Florida Okeechobee Co. 02 Jul 1981 B. F. Hansen 8428
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 12 May 1993 B. F. Hansen 12073
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 11 Feb 1994 S. Cole HI0002
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 20 Oct 2004 A. Bishop OS0409
USA Florida Volusia Co. 28 Feb 2005 J. M. Kunzer 970
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 13 Feb 2003 A. Bishop AK0008
USA Florida Citrus Co. 07 Nov 1998 W. B. Zomlefer 709
USA Florida Martin Co. 23 Jul 2002 S. W. Woodmansee 738
USA Florida Franklin Co. 10 Oct 2005 B. F. Hansen 13075
USA Florida Brevard Co. 08 Jun 2003 L. A. Lathrop 34
USA Florida Charlotte Co. 05 Apr 2010 A. R. Franck 1845
USA Florida Levy Co. 12 Mar 1965 I. L. Wiggins 19436
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 19 Jan 2012 D. Hilbert 26
USA Florida Lee Co. 18 Jan 2000 S.W. Braem GI0186
USA Florida Charlotte Co. 20 Mar 2003 A. Bishop DP0130
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 10 Aug 2016 J. R. Campbell 305
USA South Carolina Beaufort Co. 27 Jun 1956 C. R. Bell 3788
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 07 Dec 1932 A. E. Perkins 1652
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