Fraxinus americana

Family:OLEACEAE
Species:Fraxinus americana L.
Common Name:WHITE ASH
Plant Notes:The study by Whittemore et al. (2018) indicated F. biltmoreana is hexaploid and can be recognized by its semicircular or shield-shaped leaf scar, while F. americana s.str. is diploid with crescentic leaf scars partly surrounding the axillary bud. The taxonomy of tetraploids and pentaploids remained uncertain while F. smallii was included in the concept of F. biltmoreana (Whittemore et al. 2018). Nesom (2010) reported F. smallii for Leon Co. in Florida but excluded F. biltmoreana, while Weakley (2020) also reported F. biltmoreana for north Florida.
Status:Native, FACU (NWPL)
Specimen: View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order LAMIALES
FamilyOLEACEAE
Genus Fraxinus
Species Fraxinus americana L. - WHITE ASH

Citation

Citation FRAXINUS AMERICANA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1057. 1753.
Basionym: **
Type: VIRGINIA: Without data, Clayton 732 (lectotype: LINN 1230.3). Lectotypified by Fernald, J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 391, pl. 3. 1946.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

CountyHerbariaLiterature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua USF  
Calhoun FLAS  
Citrus FSU  
Columbia FLAS  
Gadsden FSU  
Gulf FSU  
Jackson FLAS  
Jefferson FSU  
Leon USF  
Levy FLAS  
Liberty FSU  
Madison FSU  
Nassau USF  
Wakulla FSU  

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Calycomelia americana Calycomelia americana (Linnaeus) Kosteletzky, Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 3: 1004. 1834.BASIONYM: Fraxinus americana Linnaeus 1753. 
Fraxinus americana subsp. typica Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, subsp. typica Wesmael, Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 31: 107. 1892, nom. inadmiss.BASIONYM: Fraxinus americana Linnaeus 1753. 
Fraxinus americana var. normalis Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. normalis Wesmael, Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 31: 107. 1892, nom. inadmiss.BASIONYM: Fraxinus americana Linnaeus 1753. 
Fraxinus glauca Fraxinus glauca Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 33. 1838, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Fraxinus americana Linnaeus 1753. 
Leptalix glauca Leptalix glauca Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 33. 1838, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Fraxinus glauca Rafinesque 1838, nom. illegit.; Fraxinus americana Linnaeus 1753. 
Calycomelia acuminata Calycomelia acuminata (Lamarck) Kosteletzky, Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 3: 1004. 1834.BASIONYM: Fraxinus acuminata Lamarck 1788. 
Calycomelia alba Calycomelia alba (Marshall) Kosteletzky, Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag. 26. 1844.BASIONYM: Fraxinus alba Marshall 1785. 
Calycomelia biltmoreana Calycomelia biltmoreana (Beadle) Nieuwland, Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 186. 1914.BASIONYM: Fraxinus biltmoreana Beadle 1898. 
Calycomelia epiptera Calycomelia epiptera (Michaux) Kosteletzky, Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag. 26. 1844.BASIONYM: Fraxinus epiptera Michaux 1803. 
Calycomelia juglandifolia Calycomelia juglandifolia (Lamarck) Kosteletzky, Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 3: 1004. 1834.BASIONYM: Fraxinus juglandifolia Lamarck 1788. 
Fraxinus acuminata Fraxinus acuminata Lamarck, Encycl. 2: 547. 1788.  
Fraxinus alba Fraxinus alba Marshall, Arbust. Amer. 51. 1785.  
Fraxinus americana forma acuminata Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, forma acuminata (Lamarck) Voss, Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 645. 1894.BASIONYM: Fraxinus acuminata Lamarck 1788. 
Fraxinus americana forma ascidiata Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, forma ascidiata (Meunissier) Rehder, Bibl. Cult. Trees 557. 1949.BASIONYM: Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. ascidiata Meunissier 1924. 
Fraxinus americana forma iodocarpa Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, forma iodocarpa Fernald, Rhodora 14: 192. 1912. TYPE: MAINE/MASSACHUSETTS:
Fraxinus americana subsp. biltmoreana Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, subsp. biltmoreana (Beadle) E. Murray, Kalmia 13: 6. 1983.BASIONYM: Fraxinus biltmoreana Beadle 1898. 
Fraxinus americana subsp. novae-angliae Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, subsp. novae-angliae (Miller) Wesmael, Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 31: 108. 1892.BASIONYM: Fraxinus novae-angliae Miller 1768. 
Fraxinus americana var. acuminata Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. acuminata (Lamarck) Wesmael, Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 31: 107. 1892.BASIONYM: Fraxinus acuminata Lamarck 1788. 
Fraxinus americana var. ascidiata Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. ascidiata Meunissier, Gard. Chron., ser. 3. 76: 335, f. 122. 1924. TYPE: NEW YORK:
Fraxinus americana var. biltmoreana Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. biltmoreana (Beadle) J. Wright ex Fernald, Rhodora 49: 159. 1947.BASIONYM: Fraxinus biltmoreana Beadle 1898. 
Fraxinus americana var. crassifolia Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. crassifolia Sargent, Man. Trees, ed. 2. 841. 1922.  
Fraxinus americana var. curtissii Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. curtissii (Vasey) Sudworth, U.S.D.A. Div. Forest. Bull. 14: 327. 1897, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. microcarpa A. Gray 1878; Fraxinus curtissii Vasey 1876. 
Fraxinus americana var. epiptera Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. epiptera (Michaux) Wesmael, Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 31: 107. 1892.BASIONYM: Fraxinus epiptera Michaux 1803. 
Fraxinus americana var. iodocarpa Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. iodocarpa (Fernald) Fernald ex Rehder, in L. H. Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1275. 1915.BASIONYM: Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, forma iodocarpa Fernald 1912. 
Fraxinus americana var. juglandifolia Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. juglandifolia (Lamarck) D. J. Browne, Trees America 398. 1857.BASIONYM: Fraxinus juglandifolia Lamarck 1788. 
Fraxinus americana var. latifolia Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. latifolia Loudon, Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 2: 1232. 1838.  
Fraxinus americana var. microcarpa Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. microcarpa A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 75. 1878.BASIONYM: Fraxinus curtissii Vasey 1876. 
Fraxinus americana var. subcoriacea Fraxinus americana Linnaeus, var. subcoriacea Sargent, Bot. Gaz. 67: 241. 1919. TYPE: OHIO:
Fraxinus biltmoreana Fraxinus biltmoreana Beadle, Bot. Gaz. 25: 358. 1898. TYPE: NORTH CAROLINA: Buncombe Co.: Biltmore, Oct 1895, Beadle 4049 (holotype: US).
Fraxinus canadensis Fraxinus canadensis Gaertner, Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 222, t. 49. 1788.  
Fraxinus caroliniensis Fraxinus caroliniensis Wangenheim, Beytr. Teut. Forstwiss. 81. 1787.  
Fraxinus catawbiensis Fraxinus catawbiensis Ashe, Bot. Gaz. 33: 230. 1902. TYPE: NORTH CAROLINA: Granville Co.: Eclipse P.O., bank of Catawba River at farm of Mr. Bird, 7 Aug 1901, Ashe s.n. (holotype: NCU).
Fraxinus curtissii Fraxinus curtissii Vasey, Cat. For. Trees U.S. 20. 1876. TYPE: ALABAMA: Barbour Co.: Eufala, Aug 1875., Curtiss s.n. (holotype: US; isotype: GH).
Fraxinus epiptera Fraxinus epiptera Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 256. 1803.  
Fraxinus juglandifolia Fraxinus juglandifolia Lamarck, Encycl. 2: 548. 1788.  
Fraxinus juglandifolia var. subserrata Fraxinus juglandifolia Lamarck, var. subserrata Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 4: 1104. 1806.BASIONYM: Fraxinus caroliniensis Wangenheim 1787. 
Fraxinus macrophylla Fraxinus macrophylla Hoffmannsegg, Verz. Pfl.-Kult., Nachtr. 2: 29, 120. 1828.  
Fraxinus nigra var. juglandifolia Fraxinus nigra Marshall, var. juglandifolia (Lamarck) Castiglioni, Viagg. Stati Uniti 2: 244. 1790.BASIONYM: Fraxinus juglandifolia Lamarck 1788. 
Fraxinus novae-angliae Fraxinus novae-angliae Miller, Gard. Dict., ed. 8. 1768.  
Fraxinus viridis Fraxinus viridis Bosc, Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 1808: 209. 1809.  
Leptalix acuminata Leptalix acuminata (Lamarck) Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 33. 1838.BASIONYM: Fraxinus acuminata Lamarck 1788. 
Leptalix alba Leptalix alba (Marshall) Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 32. 1838.BASIONYM: Fraxinus alba Marshall 1785. 
Leptalix epiptera Leptalix epiptera (Michaux) Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 33. 1838.BASIONYM: Fraxinus epiptera Michaux 1803. 
Leptalix juglandifolia Leptalix juglandifolia (Lamarck) Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 36. 1838, nom. alt.BASIONYM: Fraxinus juglandifolia Lamarck 1788. 
Leptalix viridis Leptalix viridis (Bosc) Rafinesque, Alsogr. Amer. 32. 1838.BASIONYM: Fraxinus viridis Bosc 1809. 

Specimens

Country State County Date Specimen Notes Image
USA Florida Leon Co. 09 Mar 1958 R. K. Godfrey 56236
USA Florida Leon Co. 19 Jun 1972 R. K. Godfrey 71386
USA Florida Alachua Co. 22 Nov 2003 T. S. Sprenkle 191
USA Florida Nassau Co. 10 Jul 2014 C. Slaughter 18331
USA Kentucky Madison Co. 27 May 1983 D. D. Taylor 3669 CULTIVATED.
USA North Carolina Bladen Co. 19 Oct 1957 H. E. Ahles 37513
USA Pennsylvania Alcorn Co. 10 Aug 1956 J. D. Ray, Jr. 7526a
USA Louisiana Ouachita Par. 22 Jul 1968 R. D. Thomas 10775
USA Arkansas Polk Co. 08 Aug 1986 C. F. Shen 32640
USA Georgia Murray Co. 29 Aug 1979 S. B. Jones 23521
USA North Carolina Alexander Co. 16 Jul 1956 A. E. Radford 13883
USA Alabama Monroe Co. 04 Oct 2007 A. R. Diamond 18441
USA Louisiana Vernon Par. 26 Apr 1955 G. R. Cooley 4037
USA Mississippi Jefferson Co. 29 Jun 1957 J. D. Ray, Jr. 8369
USA South Carolina McCormick Co. 06 Jun 1993 S. R. Hill 25103
USA Louisiana Vernon Par. 25 Apr 1955 G. R. Cooley 3707
USA South Carolina Laurens Co. 24 Apr 1992 S. R. Hill 22960
USA Alabama Limestone Co. 08 Jul 1980 R. A. Meigs 975
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