Cicuta maculata

Family:APIACEAE
Species:Cicuta maculata L.
Common Name:SPOTTED WATER HEMLOCK
Plant Notes:Ingestion of this species has caused several deaths (Gompertz 1926; Heath 2001). The plant contains cicutoxin (Konoshima & Lee 1986), a polyyne that likely antagonizes GABA-A receptors (Green et al. 2015). Cicuta mexicana was recognized and applied to Florida material by Mathias & Constance (1942). Mulligan (1980) treated all Florida material as C. maculata var. maculata, characterized by relatively broad leaflets, fruits not constricted at the commisure (where individual mericarps separate), and dorsal corky ribs subequal to longer than the oil tubes.
Status:Native, OBL (DEP), OBL (NWPL)
Specimen: View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order APIALES
FamilyAPIACEAE
Genus Cicuta
Species Cicuta maculata L. - SPOTTED WATER HEMLOCK

Citation

Citation CICUTA MACULATA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 256. 1753.
Basionym: **
Type: VIRGINIA: Without data, Kalm s.n. (lectotype: LINN 361.3). Lectotypified by Fernald, Rhodora 41: 440-441. 1939.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

CountyHerbariaLiterature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua USF  
Brevard USF  
Broward USF  
Citrus USF  
Clay USF  
Collier USF  
Columbia FLAS  
DeSoto USF  
Dixie FSU  
Duval USF  
Escambia UWFP  
Franklin FLAS  
Gadsden FSU  
Glades USF  
Hardee USF  
Hernando USF  
Highlands USF  
Hillsborough USF  
Indian River FLAS  
Jackson FSU  
Jefferson FSU  
Lake USF  
Lee FLAS  
Leon FSU  
Levy USF  
Madison FSU  
Manatee USF  
Marion USF  
Martin USF  
Nassau FSU  
Okeechobee USF  
Orange USF  
Osceola USF  
Palm Beach FLAS  
Pasco USF  
Pinellas USF  
Polk USF  
Putnam FLAS  
Santa Rosa FSU  
Sarasota USF  
Seminole USF  
Sumter USF  
Suwannee FSU  
Taylor USF  
Volusia USF  
Wakulla USF  
Walton FLAS  

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Cicuta curtissii Cicuta curtissii J. M. Coulter & Rose, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 7: 97. Dec 1900. TYPE: FLORIDA: Duval Co.: Without locality, Jun 1880, Curtiss 1030 (holotype: US; isotypes: US, NY).
Cicuta maculata var. curtissii Cicuta maculata Linnaeus, var. curtissii (J. M. Coulter & Rose) Fernald, Rhodora 41: 439. 1939.BASIONYM: Cicuta curtissii J. M. Coulter & Rose 1900. 
Cicuta mexicana Cicuta mexicana J. M. Coulter & Rose, Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. 1: 145. Jan 1900. TYPE: MEXICO: Veracruz: Coatzacoalcos, 1 Apr 1895, Smith 1161 (lectotype: US). Lectoytpified by Mulligan, Canad. J. Bot. 58: 1766. 1980.
Cicuta virosa var. maculata Cicuta virosa Linnaeus, var. maculata (Linnaeus) J. M. Coulter & Rose, Rev. N. Amer. Umbell. 130. 1888.BASIONYM: Cicuta maculata Linnaeus 1753. 
Cicutaria maculata Cicutaria maculata (Linnaeus) Lamarck, Encycl. 2: 2. 1786.BASIONYM: Cicuta maculata Linnaeus 1753. 
Coriandrum maculatum Coriandrum maculatum (Linnaeus) Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 130. 1788.BASIONYM: Cicuta maculata Linnaeus 1753. 
Angelica lobata Angelica lobata Walter, Fl. Carol. 115. 1788. TYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA:
Cicuta ampla Cicuta ampla Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 241. 1912. TYPE: MICHIGAN: Ingham Co.: Lansing, near the college, 1891, Wheeler s.n. (holotype: ?; isotype: US).
Cicuta arguta Cicuta arguta Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 238. 1912. TYPE: SOUTH DAKOTA: Potter Co.: Forest City, 3 Sep 1892, Griffiths & Schlosser s.n. (holotype: US).
Cicuta dakotica Cicuta dakotica Greene, Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 237. 1912. TYPE: SOUTH DAKOTA: Brookings Co.: Grounds of the college farm at Brookings, 1893, Thornber s.n. (holotype: US).
Cicuta dakotica var. pseudovirosa Cicuta dakotica Greene, var. pseudovirosa Lunell, Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 486. 1916. TYPE: NORTH DAKOTA: McHenry Co.: Along Mouse River at Towner,
Ligusticum lobatum Ligusticum lobatum (Walter) M. Hiroe, Umbellif. World 1072. 1979.BASIONYM: Angelica lobata Walter 1788. 

Specimens

Country State County Date Specimen Notes Image
USA Florida Hernando Co. 25 Apr 1958 G. R. Cooley 6024
USA Florida Hernando Co. 26 Jun 1958 R. Kral 7084
USA Florida Lake Co. 03 Aug 1984 R. F. Daubenmire s.n. Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Lake Co. 03 Aug 1984 R. F. Daubenmire s.n. Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Lake Co. 31 May 1984 R. F. Daubenmire s.n.
USA Florida Wakulla Co. 05 Jul 1979 B. F. Hansen 5822
USA Florida Alachua Co. 12 Oct 1979 B. F. Hansen 6750
USA Florida Pasco Co. 18 Sep 1978 T. F. Rochow s.n.
USA Florida Polk Co. 21 Jun 1979 B. F. Hansen 5737
USA Florida Wakulla Co. 05 Jul 1979 B. F. Hansen 5858
USA Florida Citrus Co. 10 Aug 1979 D. Richardson 828
USA Florida Brevard Co. 11 Jun 1973 A.G. Shuey M1059
USA Florida Brevard Co. 11 Jun 1973 A.G. Shuey M1060
USA Florida Glades Co. 01 Aug 1997 K. A. Bradley 411
USA Florida Alachua Co. 11 Jun 1966 G. T. Crosby 293
USA Florida Marion Co. 30 May 1969 L. Pardue s.n.
USA Florida Okeechobee Co. 29 May 1980 B. F. Hansen 7273
USA Florida Sumter Co. 18 Dec 1978 R. P. Wunderlin 6581
USA Florida DeSoto Co. 22 Apr 2006 J. M. Kunzer 1602
USA Florida Volusia Co. 06 Oct 2006 J. M. Kunzer 1952
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 13 Apr 1978 A. N. Arcuri 734
USA Florida Orange Co. 31 Jul 1976 R. P. Wunderlin 5652
USA Florida Highlands Co. 15 Nov 1965 R. W. Long s.n.
USA Florida Manatee Co. 13 Jun 1992 R. Owens SF0114
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 19 Jul 1963 O. K. Lakela 26100
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 17 May 2005 A. Emmert MWSR044
USA Florida Sumter Co. 24 Apr 1992 C. vanHoek 265
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 11 Jun 1963 O. K. Lakela 26109A
USA Florida Collier Co. 06 Mar 1965 O. K. Lakela 28165
USA Florida Pasco Co. 14 Jun 1975 P. Genelle 2124
USA Florida Levy Co. 01 Aug 1958 E. West s.n.
USA Florida Clay Co. 02 Jul 1981 M. Ragan 35
USA Florida Manatee Co. 27 Apr 1975 P. Genelle 2058
USA Florida Volusia Co. 20 May 1981 B. F. Hansen 8295
USA Florida Collier Co. 23 Mar 1971 P. Genelle 561
USA Florida Broward Co. 09 Apr 1965 F. C. Craighead s.n.
USA Florida Lake Co. 07 Jun 1984 R. F. Thorne 57982
USA Florida Lake Co. 01 Jun 1978 R. F. Daubenmire s.n. Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Lake Co. 01 Jun 1978 R. F. Daubenmire s.n. Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Citrus Co. 21 May 1984 M. E. Schmid A-406
USA Florida Levy Co. 24 Jul 1993 S. L. Orzell 22143
USA Florida Marion Co. 24 Jul 1985 B. F. Hansen
USA Florida Wakulla Co. 18 Jul 1986 R. P. Wunderlin 10336
USA Florida Pasco Co. 16 May 2002 C. vanHoek WB014
USA Florida Hardee Co. 06 Nov 1981 K. R. DeLaney s.n.
USA Florida Brevard Co. 10 Jun 2006 P. A. Schmalzer 06-58
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 11 Apr 2005 C. vanHoek HR0225
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 14 Jul 1998 J. Myers 91
USA Florida Duval Co. 01 Jul 1992 S. L. Orzell 19867
USA Florida Sumter Co. 15 Mar 1992 S. L. Orzell 19157
USA Florida Manatee Co. 27 Jun 1997 C. Becker WC0203
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 09 Apr 1994 S. Cole LR0056
USA Florida Citrus Co. 14 May 1983 M. E. Schmid A-236
USA Florida Sumter Co. 13 Aug 1984 N. L. Mawhinney s.n.
USA Florida Marion Co. 04 May 1979 B. F. Hansen 5466
USA Florida Levy Co. 11 Jul 1979 B. F. Hansen 6030
USA Florida Highlands Co. 09 Jun 1964 O. K. Lakela 27229
USA Florida Taylor Co. 29 Mar 1956 C. R. Bell 1591
USA Florida Citrus Co. 21 Mar 1972 P. Genelle 1199
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 06 Aug 1976 S. Mortellaro 115
USA Florida Polk Co. 07 Jul 1961 O. K. Lakela 24390
USA Florida Hernando Co. 27 Jul 2009 C. vanHoek WW0030
USA Florida Brevard Co. 12 May 2007 P. Schlueb s.n.
USA Florida Manatee Co. 18 May 2012 D. H. Williams 3163
USA Florida Orange Co. 15 Apr 2012 R. Chicone 886
USA Florida Seminole Co. 24 May 2013 D. H. Williams 3664
USA Florida Hardee Co. Sep 2014 A. Abdel-Hadi s.n.
USA Florida Hardee Co. 09 May 2014 A. R. Franck 3316
USA Florida Osceola Co. 17 Jun 2012 R. B. Huck 6410
USA Florida Hernando Co. 14 Aug 1983 J. Watson 1495
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 30 May 2017 J. Stevenson 1
USA Mississippi Tishomingo Co. 13 Jun 1956 J. D. Ray, Jr. 6335
USA Mississippi Tishomingo Co. 08 Aug 1956 J. D. Ray, Jr. 7391A
USA Mississippi Newton Co. 27 Jul 1956 J. D. Ray, Jr. 8245
USA Louisiana Ouachita Par. 04 Jul 1967 R. D. Thomas 3552
USA Georgia Hall Co. 19 Jul 1955 W. H. Duncan 19142
USA Georgia McIntosh Co. 14 Jun 1979 S. B. Jones 23256
USA Mississippi Alcorn Co. 07 Jun 1957 G. R. Cooley 5222
USA Mississippi Oktibbeha Co. 06 May 1957 J. D. Ray, Jr. 8208
USA Mississippi Perry Co. 07 Apr 1955 J. D. Ray, Jr. 4235
USA South Carolina Calhoun Co. 11 Jul 1984 G. W. Long 995
USA Mississippi DeSoto Co. 04 Jun 1957 G. R. Cooley 4965
USA Alabama Baldwin Co. 16 Apr 1954 R. C. Bell 1461
USA North Carolina Warren Co. 26 Jul 1956 R. C. Bell 4271
USA Louisiana Webster Par. 04 Jun 1979 C. M. Allen 8918
USA Alabama Baldwin Co. 16 Apr 1954 R. C. Bell 1461
USA South Carolina Charleston Co. 17 Jul 1992 S. R. Hill 23809
USA Louisiana Tangipahoa Par. 14 Jun 1978 C. M. Allen 8327
USA Wisconsin Sawyer Co. 28 Aug 1980 B. F. Hansen 7989
USA Louisiana Ouachita Par. 06 May 1986 R. D. Thomas 95930
USA Georgia McIntosh Co. 11 Jul 1956 W. B. Duncan 20266
USA Florida Okeechobee Co. 14 Jan 2021 A. R. Franck 5106
USA Florida Martin Co. 13 Apr 2022 D. G. Braun s.n.
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