Yucca filamentosa

Family:AGAVACEAE
Species:Yucca filamentosa L.
Common Name:ADAM'S NEEDLE
Plant Notes:Yucca flaccida has been recognized as a distinct species but there is some uncertainty on how it is characterized. Hess & Robbins (in FNA, vol. 26) characterized Y. flaccida by its "mostly pubescent" inflorescence with tepals 3-5 cm long while Ward's (2006) proposed neotype of Y. flaccida was described as having a glabrous inflorescence. Ward (2011) did not comment on inflorescence pubescence but characterized Y. flaccida by its spreading inflorescence branches, leaves not concave, short and stiff leaf-margin fibers (to 4 cm), and other floral differences. An oddly close relationship between Y. aloifolia and Y. flaccida based on plastid DNA restriction sites (see Clary & Simpson 1995) has not been reinvestigated.
Status:Native
Specimen: View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order ASPARAGALES
FamilyAGAVACEAE
Genus Yucca
Species Yucca filamentosa L. - ADAM'S NEEDLE

Citation

Citation YUCCA FILAMENTOSA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 319. 1753.
Basionym: **
Type: VIRGINIA: Without data, Clayton 720 (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by Fernald, Rhodora 46: 8. 1944.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

CountyHerbariaLiterature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua FLAS  
Bay FSU  
Brevard USF  
Broward NY  
Calhoun USF  
Charlotte USF  
Citrus USF  
Clay USF  
Columbia USF  
DeSoto USF  
Dixie PIHG  
Duval FSU  
Escambia UWFP  
Flagler FTG  
Franklin FSU  
Gadsden FSU  
Gilchrist USF  
Glades USF  
Gulf FSU  
Hamilton USF  
Hernando PIHG  
Highlands USF  
Hillsborough USF  
Jackson FSU  
Jefferson FSU  
Lafayette FSU  
Lake USF  
Lee USF  
Leon FSU  
Levy USF  
Liberty USF  
Madison FSU  
Manatee USF  
Marion USF  
Martin USF  
Okaloosa FLAS  
Orange USF  
Osceola USF  
Palm Beach FAU FAU specimens now housed at FTG
Pasco USF  
Pinellas USF  
Polk USF  
Putnam USF  
Santa Rosa UWFP  
Sarasota USF  
Seminole USF  
St. Johns USF  
Sumter USF  
Suwannee USF  
Taylor FSU  
Volusia FSU  
Wakulla FSU  
Walton USF  
Washington FSU  

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Yucca filamentosa forma flaccida Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, forma flaccida (Haworth) Voss, Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 1057. 1895.BASIONYM: Yucca flaccida Haworth 1819. 
Yucca filamentosa forma genuina Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, forma genuina Engelmann, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 3: 51. 1873, nom. inadmiss.BASIONYM: Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus 1753. 
Yucca filamentosa subsp. smalliana Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, subsp. smalliana (Fernald) Hochstätter, Kaktusblüte 2001: 10. 2001.BASIONYM: Yucca smalliana Fernald 1944. 
Yucca filamentosa var. angustifolia Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. angustifolia Engelmann, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 3: 51. 1873, nom. inadmiss.BASIONYM: Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus 1753. 
Yucca filamentosa var. flaccida Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. flaccida (Haworth) Engelmann, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 3: 52. 1873.BASIONYM: Yucca flaccida Haworth 1819. 
Yucca filamentosa var. laevigata Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. laevigata Engelmann, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 3: 52. 1873. TYPE: FLORIDA/SOUTH CAROLINA:
Yucca filamentosa var. smalliana Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. smalliana (Fernald) Ahles, J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 80: 172. 1964.BASIONYM: Yucca smalliana Fernald 1944. 
Yucca flaccida Yucca flaccida Haworth, Suppl. Pl. Succ. 34. 1819. TYPE: FLORIDA: Gilchrist Co.: 2 mi. W of Ginnie Springs, 19 May 2003, Ward 10736 (neotype: FLAS; isoneotypes: FSU, FTG, GA, MO, NCU, NY, TEX, USF). Neotypified by D. B. Ward, Castanea 71: 82. 2006.
Yucca flaccida var. smalliana Yucca flaccida Haworth, var. smalliana (Fernald) D. B. Ward, Novon 14: 366. 2004.BASIONYM: Yucca smalliana Fernald 1944. 
Yucca smalliana Yucca smalliana Fernald, Rhodora 46: 8. 1944. TYPE: FLORIDA: Duval Co.: Near Jacksonville, May, Curtiss 2950 (holotype: GH).
Yucca arkansana subsp. freemanii Yucca arkansana Trelease, subsp. freemanii (Shinners) Hochstätter, Yucca 1: 61. 2000.BASIONYM: Yucca freemanii Shinners 1951. 
Yucca arkansana subsp. louisianensis Yucca arkansana Trelease, subsp. louisianensis (Trelease) Hochstätter, Succulenta (Netherlands) 78: 122. 1999.BASIONYM: Yucca louisianensis Trelease 1902. 
Yucca concava Yucca concava Haworth, Suppl. Pl. Succ. 34. 1819.  
Yucca concava var. longifolia Yucca concava Haworth, var. longifolia B. W. Williams, Choice Stove Orn.-Leav. Pl., ed. 2. 333. 1876.  
Yucca exigua Yucca exigua Baker, Refug. Bot. 5: t. 314. 1872.  
Yucca filamentosa forma concava Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, forma concava (Haworth) Voss, Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 1057. 1895.BASIONYM: Yucca concava Haworth 1819. 
Yucca filamentosa forma glaucescens Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, forma glaucescens (Haworth) Voss, Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 1057. 1895.BASIONYM: Yucca glaucescens Haworth 1819. 
Yucca filamentosa forma orchioides Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, forma orchioides (Carrière) Voss, Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 1058. 1895.BASIONYM: Yucca orchioides Carrière 1861. 
Yucca filamentosa forma puberula Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, forma puberula (Haworth) Voss, Vilm. Blumengärtn., ed. 3. 1: 1057. 1895.BASIONYM: Yucca puberula Haworth 1828. 
Yucca filamentosa subsp. concava Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, subsp. concava (Haworth) Hochstätter, Kaktusblüte 2001: 11. 2001.BASIONYM: Yucca concava Haworth 1819. 
Yucca filamentosa var. antwerpensis Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. antwerpensis Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 228. 1880, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Yucca orchioides Carrière, var. major Baker 1877. 
Yucca filamentosa var. bracteata Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. bracteata Engelmann, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 3: 52. 1873. TYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA:
Yucca filamentosa var. concava Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. concava (Haworth) Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 228. 1880, nom. illegit..BASIONYM: Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. latifolia Engelmann 1873; Yucca concava Haworth 1819. 
Yucca filamentosa var. elmensis Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. elmensis Sprenger, Boll. Reale Soc. Tosc. Ortic. 1906: 132. 1906  
Yucca filamentosa var. foliis-aureovariegata Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. foliis-aureovariegata Pynaert, Nursery Cat. (Ed. Pynaert - Van Geert) 1886: 16. 1886.  
Yucca filamentosa var. glaucescens Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. glaucescens (Haworth) Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 228. 1880.BASIONYM: Yucca glaucescens Haworth 1819. 
Yucca filamentosa var. grandiflora Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. grandiflora Baker, Refug. Bot. 5: t. 325. 1872.  
Yucca filamentosa var. latifolia Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. latifolia Engelmann, Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 3: 52. 1873.BASIONYM: Yucca concava Haworth 1819. 
Yucca filamentosa var. maxima Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. maxima Carrière, Rev. Hort. (Paris), ser. 4. 9: 213. 1860.  
Yucca filamentosa var. media Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. media Carrière, Rev. Hort. (Paris), ser. 4. 9: 213, f. 47. 1860.  
Yucca filamentosa var. mexicana Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. mexicana S. Schauer, Linnaea 19: 703. 1847. TYPE: MEXICO:
Yucca filamentosa var. nobilis Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. nobilis Sprenger, Boll. Reale Soc. Tosc. Ortic. 1906: 132. 1906  
Yucca filamentosa var. orchioides Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. orchioides (Carrière) Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 228. 1880.BASIONYM: Yucca orchioides Carrière 1861. 
Yucca filamentosa var. patens Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. patens Carrière, Rev. Hort. (Paris), ser. 4. 9: 216. 1860.  
Yucca filamentosa var. puberula Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. puberula (Haworth) Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 228. 1880.BASIONYM: Yucca puberula Haworth 1828. 
Yucca filamentosa var. ramosa Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. ramosa Carrière, Rev. Hort. (Paris), ser. 4. 9: 215. 1860.  
Yucca filamentosa var. recurvifolia Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. recurvifolia A. W. Wood, Class-Book Bot., ed. 1861. 709. 1861.  
Yucca filamentosa var. variegata Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. variegata Carrière, Rev. Hort. (Paris), ser. 4. 9: 215. 1860.  
Yucca flaccida forma exigua Yucca flaccida Haworth, forma exigua (Baker) Trelease, Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 13: 51, 52. 1902.BASIONYM: Yucca exigua Baker 1872. 
Yucca flaccida var. glaucescens Yucca flaccida Haworth, var. glaucescens (Haworth) Trelease, Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 13: 51. 1902.BASIONYM: Yucca glaucescens Haworth 1819. 
Yucca flaccida var. grandiflora Yucca flaccida Haworth, var. grandiflora (Baker) Trelease, Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 13: 52. 1902.BASIONYM: Yucca filamentosa Linnaeus, var. grandiflora Baker 1872. 
Yucca flaccida var. lineata Yucca flaccida Haworth, var. lineata Trelease, Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 13: 52. 1902.  
Yucca flaccida var. major Yucca flaccida Haworth, var. major (Baker) Rehder, J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 193. 1920.BASIONYM: Yucca orchioides Carrière, var. major Baker 1877. 
Yucca flaccida var. orchioides Yucca flaccida Haworth, forma orchioides (Carrière) Trelease, Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 13: 50, 51. 1902.BASIONYM: Yucca orchioides Carrière 1861. 
Yucca freemanii Yucca freemanii Shinners, Field & Lab. 19: 168. 1951 TYPE: TEXAS: Bowie Co.: 2.5 mi. SW of Redwater, 6 Jul 1950, Freeman s.n. (holotype: BRIT; isotype: MO).
Yucca glaucescens Yucca glaucescens Haworth, Suppl. Pl. Succ. 35. 1819.  
Yucca louisianensis Yucca louisianensis Trelease, Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 13: 64, pl. 32-34. 1902.  
Yucca orchioides Yucca orchioides Carrière, Rev. Hort. 1861: 37, f. 89-90. 1861.  
Yucca orchioides var. major Yucca orchioides Carrière, var. major Baker, Bot. Mag. 103: pl. 6316. 1877.  
Yucca puberula Yucca puberula Haworth, Philos. Mag. Ann. Chem. 2: 186. 1828.  

Specimens

Country State County Date Specimen Notes Image
USA Florida Gilchrist Co. 19 May 2003 D. A. Ward 10736
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 06 Jul 1999 C. Becker OS0360 Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 06 Jul 1999 C. Becker OS0360 Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Manatee Co. 07 May 1998 C. Becker WC0405 Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Manatee Co. 07 May 1998 C. Becker WC0405 Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Levy Co. 27 Apr 1959 G. R. Cooley 6566
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 02 Mar 1994 B. F. Hansen 12702
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 25 May 1983 D. Richardson 1021
USA Florida Polk Co. 21 Nov 1925 J. B. McFarlin s.n.
USA Florida 16 Mar 1927 J. B. McFarlin 873
USA Florida Brevard Co. 29 Jun 1973 A.G. Shuey M0610
USA Florida Suwannee Co. 04 Jul 2003 D. B. Ward 10743
USA Florida Clay Co. 17 Sep 2006 J. M. Kunzer 1888
USA Florida Calhoun Co. 02 Aug 2007 T. MacClendon 667
USA Florida DeSoto Co. 07 Jul 2009 A. R. Franck 1356
USA Florida Pasco Co. 20 May 2003 E. M. Ferguson 91
USA Florida Highlands Co. 24 May 1981 J. Popenoe 1992
USA Florida Putnam Co. 11 Jul 1986 D. W. Hall 1679
USA Florida Putnam Co. 11 Jul 1986 D. W. Hall 1678 Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Putnam Co. 11 Jul 1986 D. W. Hall 1678 Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Orange Co. 23 Apr 1982 B. F. Hansen 9590 Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Orange Co. 23 Apr 1982 B. F. Hansen 9590 Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Lee Co. 03 Mar 2006 J. M. Kunzer 1394
USA Florida Polk Co. 22 Jun 1988 K. R. DeLaney 1834
USA Florida Citrus Co. 19 May 1984 M. E. Schmid A-400
USA Florida Glades Co. 08 May 2010 A. R. Franck 2061
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 04 May 1994 R. P. Wunderlin 10418
USA Florida Pasco Co. 10 Jun 2009 C. vanHoek WB0280
USA Florida Hamilton Co. 13 Jun 2008 B. F. Hansen 13217
USA Florida Brevard Co. 19 May 2003 T. MacClendon 170
USA Florida Osceola Co. 08 Jun 1960 D. B. Ward 2016
USA Florida Polk Co. 24–30 Dec 1929 O. E. Jennings s.n.
USA Florida Highlands Co. 26 Apr 1960 J. D. Ray, Jr. 9783 Sheet 1 of 3.
USA Florida Highlands Co. 26 Apr 1960 J. D. Ray, Jr. 9783 Sheet 2 of 3.
USA Florida Highlands Co. 26 Apr 1960 J. D. Ray, Jr. 9783 Sheet 3 of 3.
USA Florida Lake Co. 19 May 1976 R. F. Daubenmire s.n. Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Lake Co. 19 May 1976 R. F. Daubenmire s.n. Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Charlotte Co. 02 Oct 2011 A. R. Franck 2863
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 09 Sep 1960 J. D. Ray, Jr. 10194
USA Florida Highlands Co. 10 Sep 1987 B. F. Hansen 11601
USA Florida Manatee Co. 25 Nov 1978 C. H. Dodson 4960
USA Florida Liberty Co. 17 Sep 1986 R. K. Godfrey 82113
USA Florida Manatee Co. 22 May 1992 J. Weber LM047
USA Florida Columbia Co. 21 Sep 1991 B. J. Herring 426
USA Florida Brevard Co. 02 Jul 2007 S. Blissett-Clark 272
USA Florida Levy Co. 25 Apr 1959 G. R. Cooley 6593
USA Florida Pasco Co. 16 May 1961 G. M. Riegler s.n. Sheet 1 of 3.
USA Florida Pasco Co. 16 May 1961 G. M. Riegler s.n. Sheet 2 of 3.
USA Florida Pasco Co. 16 May 1961 G. M. Riegler s.n. Sheet 3 of 3.
USA Florida Highlands Co. 13 May 1926 J. K. Small 12913
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 19 Jun 1986 G. Fleming 3744
USA Florida Manatee Co. 27 Apr 1975 P. Genelle 2057
USA Florida Citrus Co. 27 May 1973 P. Genelle 1888
USA Florida Martin Co. Aug 1987 R. O. Woodbury s.n.
USA Florida Highlands Co. 30 Mar 1970 O. K. Lakela 32010
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 02 Jun 1999 J. Myers 389
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 17 May 1971 O. K. Lakela s.n.
USA Florida Polk Co. 05 Aug 1987 B. F. Hansen 11354
USA Florida Highlands Co. 25 Apr 1988 K. R. DeLaney 1701
USA Florida Walton Co. 29 May 1982 G. Wilhelm 10042
USA Florida St. Johns Co. 05 Oct 2012 S. Myers 745
USA Florida Seminole Co. 21 Nov 2012 S. Myers 769
USA Florida Marion Co. 15 Dec 2012 S. Myers 812
USA Florida Highlands Co. 10 Oct 2002 A. Bishop HH0419
USA Virginia Hampton Co. 30 Nov 2003 D. B. Ward 10746 CULTIVATED. Did not flower in 2003.
USA South Carolina Pickens Co. 21 May 1994 S. R. Hill 25582
USA Tennessee Cocke Co. 04 Aug 1977 P. Genelle 3044
USA Georgia Taylor Co. 12 Sep 1952 W. H. Duncan 13975
USA Georgia DeKalb Co. 26 May 1899 A. H. Curtiss 6461
USA Louisiana Beauregard Par. 29 Apr 1955 G. R. Cooley 3969
USA South Carolina Oconee Co. 04 Jun 1956 R. C. Bell 3069
USA North Carolina Dare Co. 11 Aug 1967 W. H. Duncan 23084
USA Mississippi Tishomingo Co. 15 Jun 1956 J. D. Ray, Jr. 6371
USA Mississippi Walthall Co. 25 Jun 1956 J. D. Ray, Jr. 6544
USA Georgia Lincoln Co. 17 May 1952 W. H. Duncan 13550
USA Florida Highlands Co. 07 May 1966 M. E. Seidel 21
USA Florida Highlands Co. 01 Aug 1962 C. F. Caudle 1456
USA Rhode Island Washington Co. 18 Jul 1968 A. Kostarides 385
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