Ludwigia alternifolia

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens from wild populations. Cultivated occurrences are not mapped. View county names by placing the cursor over the map.

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Family:	ONAGRACEAE
Species:	Ludwigia alternifolia L.
Common Name:	SEEDBOX
Status:	Native, OBL (DEP), OBL (NWPL)
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	MYRTALES
Family	ONAGRACEAE
Genus	Ludwigia
Species	Ludwigia alternifolia L. - SEEDBOX

Citation

Citation	LUDWIGIA ALTERNIFOLIA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 118. 1753.
Basionym:	**
Type:	VIRGINIA: Without data, Kalm s.n. (lectotype: LINN 154.1). Lectotypified by Reveal, in C. E. Jarvis et al., Regnum Veg. 127: 62. 1993.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Bay	FSU
Calhoun	USF
Escambia	USF
Franklin	FSU
Gadsden	FSU
Gulf	FSU
Hamilton	USF
Holmes	FSU
Jackson	FSU
Jefferson	FSU
Leon	USF
Liberty	FLAS
Madison	FLAS
Okaloosa	FLAS
Santa Rosa	FLAS
Walton	USF
Washington	FLAS

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Isnardia alternifolia	Isnardia alternifolia (Linnaeus) de Candolle, Prodr. 3: 60. 1828.	BASIONYM: Ludwigia alternifolia Linnaeus 1753.
Ludwigia alternifolia var. typica	Ludwigia alternifolia Linnaeus, var. typica Munz, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 71: 158. 1944, nom. inadmiss.	BASIONYM: Ludwigia alternifolia Linnaeus 1753.
Ludwigia macrocarpa	Ludwigia macrocarpa Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 89. 1803, nom. illegit.	BASIONYM: Ludwigia alternifolia Linnaeus 1753.
Isnardia alternifolia var. salicifolia	Isnardia alternifolia (Linnaeus) de Candolle, var. salicifolia (Poiret) de Candolle, Prodr. 3: 60. 1828.	BASIONYM: Ludwigia salicifolia Poiret 1813.
Isnardia aurantiaca	Isnardia aurantiaca (Rafinesque) de Candolle, Prodr. 3: 61. 1828.	BASIONYM: Ludwigia aurantiaca Rafinesque 1808.
Ludwigia alternifolia var. linearifolia	Ludwigia alternifolia Linnaeus, var. linearifolia (Poiret) Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 315. 1890.	BASIONYM: Rhexia linearifolia Poiret 1804.
Ludwigia alternifolia var. pubescens	Ludwigia alternifolia Linnaeus, var. pubescens E. J. Palmer & Steyermark, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 772. 1938.		TYPE: MISSOURI: Mississippi Co.: 4 mi. W of Charleston, s.d., Palmer & Steyermark 41450 (holotype: MO).
Ludwigia angustifolia var. ramosissima	Ludwigia angustifolia Michaux, var. ramosissima (Walter) Poiret, in Lamarck, Encycl., Suppl. 3: 513. 1813.	BASIONYM: Ludwigia ramosissima Walter 1788.
Ludwigia aurantiaca	Ludwigia aurantiaca Rafinesque, Med. Repos., ser. 2. 5: 358. 1808.		TYPE: DELAWARE/PENNSYLVANIA:
Ludwigia ramosissima	Ludwigia ramosissima Walter, Fl. Carol. 89. 1788.		TYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA:
Ludwigia salicifolia	Ludwigia salicifolia Poiret, in Lamarck, Encycl., Suppl. 3: 512. 1813.
Rhexia linearifolia	Rhexia linearifolia Poiret, in Lamarck, Encycl. 6: 2. 1804.		TYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA:

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen
USA	Florida	Walton Co.	17 Aug 1983	G. Wilhelm 11768
USA	Florida	Hamilton Co.	19 Sep 2008	B. F. Hansen 13479
USA	Florida	Calhoun Co.	04 Aug 2010	T. MacClendon 1043
USA	Florida	Escambia Co.	13 Sep 1980	B. F. Hansen 8077
USA	Florida	Escambia Co.	26 Jul 1981	D. S. Correll 52193
USA	Florida	Leon Co.	22 Sep 1957	R. Kral 5875
USA	Florida	Walton Co.	27 Oct 1956	R. K. Godfrey 55245
USA	North Carolina	Yadkin Co.	06 Aug 1956	A. E. Radford 15291
USA	Arkansas	Saline Co.	24 Jun 1954	D. Demaree 35607
USA	Tennessee	Cocke Co.	20 Aug 1977	P. Genelle 3096
USA	Mississippi	Lamar Co.	26 Jul 1956	J. D. Ray, Jr. 7212
USA	Tennessee	Loudon Co.	12 Aug 1965	P. H. Raven 20494
USA	Tennessee	Monroe Co.	11 Aug 1956	P. H. Raven 20483
USA	Georgia	Gwinnett Co.	20 Aug 1988	K. Holland s.n.
USA	Tennessee	Sevier Co.	Jul 1951	E.S. Barghoorn 14
USA	Louisiana	St. Tammany Par.	18 Aug 1983	D. D. Taylor 5105
USA	Tennessee	Stewart Co.	03 Aug 1969	R. Kral 36015
USA	Mississippi	Panola Co.	13 Jul 1956	J. D. Ray, Jr. 6898
USA	South Carolina	Greenville Co.	06 Sep 2013	A. B. Pittman 09061314
USA	Georgia	Cobb Co.	22 Sep 2001	J. Cruse-Sanders 111
USA	Alabama	Pike Co.	18 Sep 2011	A. R. Diamond 22559
USA	Mississippi	Oktibbeha Co.	10 Jul 1956	J. D. Ray, Jr. 6784
USA	Georgia	Monroe Co.	19 Jul 1987	C. L. Howel 0513
USA	Mississippi	Oktibbeha Co.	20 Jun 1957	J. D. Ray, Jr. 8236
USA	Louisiana	Livingston Par.	05 Aug 1979	C. M. Allen 9255
USA	Louisiana	Washington Par.	06 Aug 1979	C. M. Allen 2675
USA	Louisiana	Rapides Par.	17 Aug 1979	S. Darwin 1800
USA	Mississippi	Jackson Co.	11 Aug 1963	P. H. Raven 18584
USA	Alabama	Cleburne Co.	28 Sep 1982	M. G. Bussey 457
USA	Alabama	Baldwin Co.	12 Aug 1963	P. H. Raven 18588
USA	South Carolina	Newberry Co.	22 Jul 1980	C. Aulbach-Smith 1020
USA	Georgia	Hall Co.	22 Jul 1955	W. P. Adams 19169
USA	Mississippi	Perry Co.	10 Aug 1963	P. H. Raven 18574
USA	Alabama	Mobile Co.	09 Aug 1953	D. Demaree 33635
USA	Georgia	Columbia Co.	08 Aug 1949	W. H. Duncan 9980
USA	Louisiana	Union Par.	24 Sep 1974	G. R. Wisby 87
USA	South Carolina	Richland Co.	14 Aug 1991	J. B. Nelson 11003
USA	Mississippi	Franklin Co.	16 Aug 1955	J. D. Ray, Jr. 5670
USA	Louisiana	Livingston Par.	20 Sep 1975	D. D. Lambright 1003
USA	Louisiana	Claiborne Par.	12 Aug 1976	C. M. Allen 7289
USA	Arkansas	Clay Co.	12 Aug 1955	D. Demaree 37856
USA	Arkansas	Independence Co.	19 Jun 1968	R. D. Thomas 8892
USA	Mississippi	Forrest Co.	20 Jun 1955	J. D. Ray, Jr. 6150
USA	Mississippi	George Co.	18 Jul 1954	D. Demaree 35758
USA	Arkansas	Garland Co.	27 Jul 1955	D. Demaree 37660
USA	North Carolina	Mitchell Co.	17 Jul 1966	A. E. Radford 44992
USA	Mississippi	Jones Co.	10 Aug 1963	P. H. Raven 18570
USA	Alabama	Cleburne Co.	28 Sep 1982	M. G. Bussey 457
USA	Georgia	Meriwether Co.	09 Aug 1963	P. H. Raven 18559
USA	South Carolina	Orangeburg Co.	01 Sep 2019	J. B. Nelson 40894
USA	South Carolina	Orangeburg Co.	07 Jul 2019	J. B. Nelson 40660
USA	South Carolina	Kershaw Co.	13 Aug 2017	J. B. Nelson 37347

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council

FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

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Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
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State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

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Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen, Alan Franck, or Karla Alvarado

Web Development: USF Water Institute

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Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2023. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

Only plant populations vouchered by specimens deposited in Index Herbariorum http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ recognized herbaria are represented on this map.