Arundinaria gigantea

Family:POACEAE
Species:Arundinaria gigantea (Walter)Walter ex Muhl.
Common Name:SWITCHCANE
Plant Notes:Arundinaria tecta is here provisionally included within A. gigantea (Radford et al. 1968; Godfrey 1988). Arundinaria tecta is characterized by a shorter height (usually < 2.5 m), air canals in the rhizome, 2-4 compressed basal internodes on primary branches, and terete internodes, while A. gigantea s.s. may be taller (usually > 2m, to 10 m) with rhizomes without air canals, 0-1 compressed internodes on primary branches, and internodes sulcate proximally (Triplett et al. 2006). The AFLP study by Triplett et al. (2010) showed that A. tecta from Atlantic coastal populations in GA, NC, SC, and VA is distinct from Appalachian and Gulf coastal populations of A. gigantea. In that study only a few populations of A. gigantea from the Florida panhandle were included, while no samples from peninsular Florida were included. Hall (2018) indicated A. gigantea was restricted to the panhandle in Florida, while A. tecta occurred in the central peninsula.
Status:Native, FACW (DEP), FACW (NWPL)
Specimen: View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order POALES
FamilyPOACEAE
Genus Arundinaria
Species Arundinaria gigantea (Walter)Walter ex Muhl. - SWITCHCANE

Citation

Citation ARUNDINARIA GIGANTEA (Walter) Walter ex Muhlenberg, Cat. Pl. 13. 1813.
Basionym: Arundo gigantea Walter 1788.
Type: SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Walter s.n. (neotype: BM). Neotypified by McClure, Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 9: 126. 1973; D. B. Ward, J. Bor. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 410. 2007. EPITYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA: Edgefield Co.: Sumter National Forest, 23 Jun 1993, Hill 25111 (epitype: GH). Epitypified by D. B. Ward, Castanea 74: 193. 2009.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

CountyHerbariaLiterature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua USF  
Bay FSU  
Brevard USF  
Calhoun USF  
Clay USF  
Columbia USF  
Duval FLAS  
Escambia USF  
Flagler USF  
Franklin FLAS  
Gadsden USF  
Gulf FSU  
Hamilton USF  
Hernando PIHG  
Holmes FLAS  
Jackson USF  
Jefferson USF  
Lake USF  
Leon USF  
Levy FLAS  
Liberty FLAS  
Madison FSU  
Marion USF  
Nassau USF  
Okaloosa FLAS  
Orange FLAS  
Osceola USF  
Polk FLAS  
Putnam USF  
Santa Rosa FLAS  
Seminole FLAS  
Sumter FLAS  
Taylor FLAS  
Volusia USF  
Wakulla FLAS  
Walton USF  
Washington FSU  

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Arundinaria gigantea Arundinaria gigantea Chapman, Fl. South. U.S. 561. 1860, nom. illegit. et non (Walter) Walter ex Muhlenberg 1813.BASIONYM: Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux 1803. 
Arundinaria gigantea subsp. macrosperma Arundinaria gigantea (Walter) Walter ex Muhlenberg, subsp. macrosperma (Michaux) McClure, Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 9: 28. 1973.BASIONYM: Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux 1803. 
Arundinaria gigantea subsp. tecta Arundinaria gigantea (Walter) Walter ex Muhlenberg, subsp. tecta (Walter) McClure, Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 9: 26. 1973.BASIONYM: Arundo tecta Walter 1788. 
Arundinaria gigantea var. tecta Arundinaria gigantea (Walter) Walter ex Muhlenberg, var. tecta (Walter) Lamson-Scribner, in Kearney, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20: 478. 1893, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux, var. suffruticosa Munro 1868; Arundo tecta Walter 1788. 
Arundinaria macrosperma Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 74. 1803. TYPE: "Hab. a Virginia ad Floridam et in occidentalibus juxta fluvios ab Illinoensibus ad ostium Misissipi", without data, Michaux s.n. (lectotype: P). Lectotypified by Hitchcock, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 156. 1908. EPITYPE: TENNESSEE: Davidson Co.: Near Nashville, 1893, Curtiss 3523 (epitype: GH). Epitypified by D. B. Ward, Castanea 74: 193. 2009.
Arundinaria macrosperma var. arborescens Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux, var. arborescens Munro, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 26: 15. 1868, nom. inadmiss.BASIONYM: Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux 1803. 
Arundinaria macrosperma var. suffruticosa Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux, var. suffruticosa Munro, Trans. Linn. Soc. London 26: 15. 1868.BASIONYM: Arundo tecta Walter 1788. 
Arundinaria macrosperma var. tecta Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux, var. tecta (Walter) A. W. Wood, Amer. Bot. Fl., ed. 2. 404. 1871, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux, var. suffruticosa Munro 1868; Arundo tecta Walter 1788. 
Arundinaria tecta Arundinaria tecta (Walter) Walter ex Muhlenberg, Cat. Pl. 13. 1813.BASIONYM: Arundo tecta Walter 1788. 
Arundo gigantea Arundo gigantea Walter, Fl. Carol. 81. 1788. TYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Walter s.n. (neotype: BM). Neotypified by McClure, Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 9: 126. 1973; D. B. Ward, J. Bor. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 410. 2007. EPITYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA: Edgefield Co.: Sumter National Forest, 23 Jun 1993, Hill 25111 (epitype: GH). Epitypified by D. B. Ward, Castanea 74: 193. 2009.
Arundo tecta Arundo tecta Walter, Fl. Carol. 81. 1788. TYPE: MARYLAND: Anne Arundel Co.: Swamp lying between Stony Run Creek and the Pennsylvania Railroad, near Friendship International Airport, s.d., McClure 22000 (neotype: US). Neotypified by McClure, Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 9: 28. 1973.
Ludolfia macrosperma Ludolfia macrosperma (Michaux) Willdenow, Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. 2: 320. 1808.BASIONYM: Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux 1803. 
Ludolfia tecta Ludolfia tecta (Walter) A. Dietrich, Sp. Pl. 2: 24 . 1833.BASIONYM: Arundo tecta Walter 1788. 
Miegia gigantea Miegia gigantea (Walter) Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1: 39. 1818.BASIONYM: Arundo gigantea Walter 1788. 
Miegia macrosperma Miegia macrosperma (Michaux) Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1: 102. 1805.BASIONYM: Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux 1803. 
Nastus macrospermus Nastus macrospermus (Michaux) Raspail, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. 5: 458. 1825.BASIONYM: Arundinaria macrosperma Michaux 1803. 
Arundinaria bambusina Arundinaria bambusina (Fischer) Trinius, Fund. Agrost. 97. 1820.BASIONYM: Triglossum bambusinum Fischer 1812. 
Arundinaria tecta var. colorata Arundinaria tecta (Walter) Walter ex Muhlenberg, var. colorata Ruprecht, Mém. Acad. Imp. Saint-Pétersbourg, Ser. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 3(1): 112, pl. 2(1). 1839.  
Arundinaria tecta var. decidua Arundinaria tecta (Walter) Walter ex Muhlenberg, var. decidua Beadle, in L. H. Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 1: 446. 1914. TYPE: NORTH CAROLINA:
Arundinaria tecta var. distachya Arundinaria tecta (Walter) Walter ex Muhlenberg, var. distachya Ruprecht, Mém. Acad. Imp. Saint-Pétersbourg, Ser. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 3(1): 112, pl. 2(1). 1839.  
Arundinaria tecta var. pumila Arundinaria tecta (Walter) Walter ex Muhlenberg, var. pumila (Nuttall) Ruprecht, Mém. Acad. Imp. Saint-Pétersbourg, Ser. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 3(1): 112. 1839.BASIONYM: Miegia pumila Nuttall 1837. 
Festuca grandiflora Festuca grandiflora Lamarck, Tabl. Encycl. 1: 191. 1791. TYPE: "Carolina", without data, Fraser s.n. (holotype: P?).
Miegia pumila Miegia pumila Nuttall, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2. 5: 149. 1835. TYPE: OKLAHOMA: Choctaw Co.: Confluence of the Kiamesha and Red Rivers, s.d., Nuttall s.n. (holotype: PH?).
Triglossum bambusinum Triglossum bambusinum Fischer, Cat. Jard. Gorenki, ed. 1812. vi. 1812.  

Specimens

Country State County Date Specimen Notes Image
USA Florida Escambia Co. 30 Jun 1981 G. Wilhelm 9443
USA Florida Marion Co. 30 May 1969 L. Pardue s.n.
USA Florida Jackson Co. 16 Mar 1952 R. K. Godfrey 54502
USA Florida Calhoun Co. 17 May 2007 T. MacClendon 612
USA Florida Jefferson Co. 22 Mar 1958 R. Kral 6312
USA Florida Columbia Co. 28 Sep 1991 B. J. Herring 444
USA Florida Leon Co. 27 May 1995 B. F. Hansen 12858
USA Florida Clay Co. 10 Dec 1983 R. C. Callahan s.n.
USA Florida Marion Co. 18 Jul 1985 R. P. Wunderlin 9988
USA Florida Nassau Co. 24 Nov 1984 M. Hennis s.n.
USA Florida Walton Co. 14 Mar 1982 G. Wilhelm 9933
USA Florida Clay Co. 19 Jul 1981 J. Beckner 2535
USA Florida Osceola Co. 18 May 1975 A.G. Shuey s.n.
USA Florida Putnam Co. 07 Oct 2007 J. M. Kunzer 2195
USA Florida Osceola Co. 30 Dec 1978 R. P. Wunderlin 6622
USA Florida Lake Co. 10 Aug 1986 R. F. Daubenmire s.n.
USA Florida Gadsden Co. 19 Apr 1988 S. R. Hill 19230
USA Florida Lake Co. 24 Jul 1985 B. F. Hansen 10422
USA Florida Volusia Co. 21 Dec 2005 J. M. Kunzer 1245
USA Florida Flagler Co. 16 Dec 2004 J. M. Kunzer 869
USA Florida Brevard Co. 25 May 1975 A.G. Shuey M1697
USA Florida Alachua Co. 21 Dec 1982 D. W. Hall 1154
USA Florida Hamilton Co. 19 Sep 2008 B. F. Hansen 13474
USA Florida Nassau Co. 10 Apr 2015 C. Slaughter 18376
USA Mississippi Clarke Co. 18 Jul 1956 J. D. Ray, Jr. 7053
USA South Carolina 29 Mar 1959 G. R. Swank 543
USA South Carolina Charleston Co. 12 Jan 1951 F. Harper 162
USA Louisiana East Baton Rouge Par. 23 May 1928 C. A. Brown 1548
USA Alabama Baldwin Co. 20 May 1981 G. Wilhelm 8886
USA Louisiana East Baton Rouge Par. 18 May 1928 C. A. Brown 1547
USA Georgia Clarke Co. 04 May 1969 W. H. Duncan 23325
USA Georgia Clarke Co. 10 Apr 1978 W. H. Duncan 30486
USA Louisiana Caldwell Par. 28 Feb 1969 R. D. Thomas 12839
USA South Carolina Edgefield Co. 13 Jun 1993 S. R. Hill 25111
USA South Carolina Charleston Co. Jul 1996 D. R. Lindsey s.n.
USA Georgia Clarke Co. 25 Apr 1981 J. R. Manhart 222
USA Mississippi Wilkinson Co. 10 Mar 1979 L. McCook 224
USA Mississippi Wilkinson Co. 11 Feb 1979 L. M. McCook 173
USA Louisiana Ouachita Par. 28 May 1970 R. D. Thomas 18857
USA Alabama Baldwin Co. 20 May 1981 G. Wilhelm 8976
USA South Carolina Oconee Co. 24 Aug 1991 S. R. Hill 22585 Not seen in flower yet since first observations in 1988.
USA Georgia Clarke Co. 10 Apr 1978 W. H. Duncan 30486
USA Tennessee Hamilton Co. 08 Apr 2000 S. R. Hill 32162
USA Mississippi Forrest Co. 10 Mar 1973 K. E. Rogers 9080
USA North Carolina Gates Co. 16 Mar 1974 L. J. Musselman 4681
USA Louisiana Ouachita Par. 26 Aug 1983 D. D. Taylor 5180
USA Mississippi Grenada co. 02 Apr 1955 G. R. Cooley 3365
USA Mississippi Forrest Co. 03 Apr 1955 G. R. Cooley 3372
USA South Carolina Dillon Co. 18 Apr 1957 H. E. Ahles 23211
USA North Carolina Harnett Co. 16 Apr 1955 C. E. Wood 8569
USA Georgia Chatham Co. 10 Oct 1959 G. R. Swank 522
USA South Carolina 27 Sep 1959 G. R. Swank 413
USA North Carolina Halifax Co. 19 Apr 1908 C. S. Williamson s.n.
USA Louisiana Avoyelles Par. 02 Jun 1979 C. M. Allen 8754
USA Alabama Montgomery Co. 01 Jul 2011 A. R. Diamond 22294
USA North Carolina Moore Co. 06 Jul 1996 S. L. Orzell 24783
USA Georgia Clarke Co. 10 Apr 1978 W. H. Duncan 30486
USA North Carolina Henderson Co. 07 Jun 1973 J. D. Pittillo 4388
USA Louisiana Bienville Par. 13 Mar 1973 R. D. Pavlu 343
USA Louisiana Franklin Par. 06 Apr 1967 R. D. Thomas 2184
USA Louisiana Vernon Par. 27 Apr 1955 G. R. Cooley 3874
USA North Carolina Bladen Co. 21 Apr 1999 S. R. Hill 31380
USA Georgia Camden Co. 03 Sep 2012 M. Minno s.n.
USA Georgia Camden Co. 03 Sep 2012 M. Minno s.n.
USA Kentucky Caldwell Co. 29 May 1920 E. J. Palmer 17685
USA Virginia Wight Co. 13 Apr 1984 L. J. Musselman 6284
USA Virginia 30 Apr 1911 A. Chase 5880
USA Virginia 15 May 1877 L. F. Ward s.n.
USA Texas Sabine Co. 12 May 1991 S. Jones 6212
USA Oklahoma McCurtain Co. 15 Apr 1967 G. Fletcher 323
USA Virginia Norfolk Co. 06 May 1935 M. L. Fernald 4312
USA Virginia Norfolk Co. 03 May 1894 J. Churchill s.n.
USA Virginia Princess Anne Co. 09 Jun 1916 A. Chase 499
USA Virginia Princess Anne Co. 09 Jun 1916 A. Chase 498
USA Virginia Princess Anne Co. 09 Jun 1916 A. Chase 500
USA Virginia Norfolk Co. 18 Jun 1935 M. L. Fernald 4562
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 01 Nov 1973 D. Burch 6758 CULTIVATED.
USA Georgia Chatham Co. 19 Aug 1959 G. R. Swank 154 CULTIVATED.
USA Georgia Chatham Co. 19 Aug 1959 G. R. Swank 154 CULTIVATED.
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