Agalinis tenuifolia

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens from wild populations. Cultivated occurrences are not mapped. View county names by placing the cursor over the map.

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Family:	OROBANCHACEAE
Species:	Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl)Raf.
Common Name:	SLENDERLEAF FALSE FOXGLOVE
Status:	Native, FACU (NWPL)
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	LAMIALES
Family	OROBANCHACEAE
Genus	Agalinis
Species	Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl)Raf. - SLENDERLEAF FALSE FOXGLOVE

Citation

Citation	AGALINIS TENUIFOLIA (Vahl) Rafinesque, New Fl. 2: 64. 1837 ("1836").
Basionym:	Gerardia tenuirolia Vahl 1804.
Type:	PENSYLVANIA: Philadelphia Co.: Philadelphia, s.d., Van Rohr s.n. (holotype: C).

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua	FLAS
Calhoun	USF
Clay	FTG
Columbia	FLAS
Duval	USF
Escambia	USF
Gadsden	FLAS
Gulf	FSU
Hamilton	FSU
Hernando	USF
Holmes	FSU
Jackson	USF
Jefferson	FLAS
Lafayette	FSU
Leon	FLAS
Levy	USF
Liberty	FSU
Madison	FSU
Marion	CM
Nassau	FLAS
Pasco	USF
Santa Rosa	FLAS
Wakulla	FSU
Walton	FLAS
Washington	FSU

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Agalinis tenuifolia var. leucanthera	Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl) Rafinesque, var. leucanthera (Rafinesque) Pennell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 71: 286. 1920.	BASIONYM: Gerardia leucanthera Rafinesque 1817.
Aureolaria tenuifolia	Aureolaria tenuifolia (Vahl) Farwell, Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 20: 189. 1918.	BASIONYM: Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl 1804.
Gerardia leucanthera	Gerardia leucanthera Rafinesque, Fl. Ludov. 50. 1817.		TYPE: LOUISIANA: Caddo Par.: Along LA 789, S of Spring Ridge and N of Keatchie, 1.4 km SW of the junction of LA 789 and Preston Road, 1 Oct 2004, Canne-Hilliker 3616 (neotype: OAC; isoneotypes: MO, NY). Neotypified by Canne-Hilliker & Hays, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 4: 679. 2010.
Gerardia tenuifolia	Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, Symb. Bot. 3: 79. 1804.		TYPE: PENSYLVANIA: Philadelphia Co.: Philadelphia, s.d., Van Rohr s.n. (holotype: C).
Gerardia tenuifolia subsp. leucanthera	Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, subsp. leucanthera (Rafinesque) Pennell, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Monogr. 1: 461. 1935.	BASIONYM: Gerardia leucanthera Rafinesque 1817.
Gerardia tenuifolia subsp. typica	Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, subsp. typica Pennell, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia a: 460. 1935, nom. inadmiss.	BASIONYM: Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl 1804.
Gerardia tenuifolia var. filiformis	Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, var. filiformis Chapman, Fl. South. U.S. 300. 1860, non Bentham 1820.		TYPE: "Florida to Mississippi, and northward",
Gerardia tenuifolia var. leucanthera	Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, var. leucanthera (Rafinesque) Shinners, Field & Lab. 18: 130. 1950.	BASIONYM: Gerardia leucanthera Rafinesque 1817.
Agalinis besseyana	Agalinis besseyana (Britton) Britton, in Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2. 3: 211. 1913.	BASIONYM: Gerardia besseyana Britton 1894; Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, var. macrophylla Bentham 1836.
Agalinis tenuifolia forma albiflora	Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl) Rafinesque, forma albiflora (Britton) House, Bull. New York State Mus. 243/244: 62. 1923.	BASIONYM: Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, forma albiflora Britton 1890.
Agalinis tenuifolia var. humilis	Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl) Rafinesque, var. humilis Rafinesque, New Fl. 2: 64. 1837 ("1836").		TYPE: MISSOURI: Franklin Co.: E of Oak Hill at the junction of Penhall Road and LittleBoubeuse Road, 26 Sep 2004, Canne-Hilliker 3602 (neotype: OAC; iscneotypes: GH, MO, NY, PH). Neotypified by Canne-Hilliker & Hays, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 4: 679. 2010.
Agalinis tenuifolia var. macrophylla	Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl) Rafinesque var. macrophylla (Bentham) S. F. Blake, Rhodora 20: 71. 1918.	BASIONYM: Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, var. macrophylla Bentham 1836.
Agalinis tenuifolia var. polyphylla	Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl) Rafinesque, var. polyphylla (Small) Pennell, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 71: 286. 1920.	BASIONYM: Gerardia polyphylla Small 1898.
Agalinis tenuifolia var. saxatilis	Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl) Rafinesque, var. saxatilis Rafinesque, New Fl. 2: 64. 1837 ("1836").		TYPE: TENNESSEE: Polk Co.: Along US 64 on N side of the Ocoee River, 7.4 km W of Gassoway Creek, 22 Sep 1999, Canne-Hilliker 3409 (neotype: OAC; isoneotypes: GH, MO, NY). Neotypified by Canne-Hilliker & Hays, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 4: 679. 2010.
Aureolaria tenuifolia forma albiflora	Aureolaria tenuifolia (Vahl) Farwell, forma albiflora (Britton) Farwell, Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 20: 190. 1918.	BASIONYM: Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, forma albiflora Britton 1890.
Chytra anomala	Chytra anomala C. F. Gaertner, Suppl. Carp. 184, t. 214. 1805.
Gerardia besseyana	Gerardia besseyana Britton, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 295. 1894.	BASIONYM: Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, var. macrophylla Bentham 1836.
Gerardia polyphylla	Gerardia polyphylla Small, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25: 618. 1898.		TYPE: GEORGIA: DeKalb Co.: Little Stone Mountain, 11 Sep 1894, Small s.n. (holotype: NY; isotype: NY).
Gerardia tenuifolia forma albiflora	Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, forma albiflora Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 17: 125. 1890.		TYPE: NEW JERSEY:
Gerardia tenuifolia subsp. macrophylla	Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, subsp. macrophylla (Bentham) Pennell, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Monogr. 1: 462 . 1935.	BASIONYM: Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, var. macrophylla Bentham 1836.
Gerardia tenuifolia subsp. polyphylla	Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, subsp. polyphylla (Small) Pennell, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Monogr. 1: 462. 1935.	BASIONYM: Gerardia polyphylla Small 1898.
Gerardia tenuifolia var. humilis	Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, var. humilis Bentham, in Hooker, Companion Bot. Mag. 1: 174. 1836.		TYPE: MASSACHUSETTS: Sussex Co.: Boston, without data, Townsend s.n. (holotype: K).
Gerardia tenuifolia var. macrophylla	Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl, var. macrophylla Bentham, Compnaion Bot. Mag. 1: 209. 1836.		TYPE: Without data, Drummond s.n. (lectotype: K). lectotypified by Canne-Hilliker & Hays, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 4: 681. 2010.

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen
USA	Florida	Hernando Co.	12 Oct 1959	J. D. Ray, Jr. 9478
USA	Florida	Hernando Co.	10 Oct 1978	A. N. Arcuri 812
USA	Florida	Jackson Co.	15 Sep 2002	G. Anglin s.n.
USA	Florida	Calhoun Co.	05 Oct 2007	T. MacClendon 726
USA	Florida	Levy Co.	22 Sep 1959	G. R. Cooley 7143
USA	Florida	Levy Co.	15 Sep 1971	J. Carlton 3372
USA	Florida	Escambia Co.	30 Sep 1992	S. L. Orzell 20897
USA	Florida	Pasco Co.	31 Oct 2003	E. M. Ferguson 502
USA	Florida	Duval Co.	15 Oct 1992	S. L. Orzell 21123
USA	Louisiana	Morehouse Par.	29 Aug 1979	R. D. Thomas 68486
USA	Louisiana	Bienville Par.	01 Oct 1974	A. J. Harrington 62
USA	Mississippi	Franklin Co.	17 Oct 1962	J. A. Ewan s.n.
USA	Mississippi	Forrest Co.	23 Sep 1955	J. D. Ray, Jr. 5917
USA	Alabama	Butler Co.	12 Oct 2013	A. R. Diamond 24668
USA	Alabama	Butler Co.	03 Oct 2012	A. R. Diamond 23463
USA	Georgia	Oglethorpe Co.	17 Sep 1965	F. Montgomery 222
USA	Arkansas	Van Co.	09 Oct 1976	L. J. Musselman 4981
USA	Georgia	Oglethorpe Co.	17 Sep 1965	F. Montgomery 222
USA	Arkansas	Van Co.	09 Oct 1976	L. J. Musselman 4981
USA	Arkansas	Drew Co.	18 Sep 1998	R. D. Thomas 157, 950
USA	Georgia	Harris Co.	16 Sep 1971	S. B. Jones 21519
USA	Georgia	McIntosh Co.	07 Oct 1962	J. R. Bozeman 2207
USA	North Carolina	Rockingham Co.	28 Sep 1956	A. E. Radford 18438

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council

FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

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Filter by County - Counties to Exclude - ANY versus ALL

Any - An Any search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean Or. Plant species returned will not be found within at least one of the selected counties.
All - An All search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean And. Plant species returned will not be found within any of the selected counties.

Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen, Alan Franck, or Karla Alvarado

Web Development: USF Water Institute

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Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2024. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

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