Tribulus terrestris

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens from wild populations. Cultivated occurrences are not mapped. View county names by placing the cursor over the map.

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Family:	ZYGOPHYLLACEAE
Species:	Tribulus terrestris L.
Common Name:	PUNCTUREVINE
Status:	Not Native
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	ZYGOPHYLLALES
Family	ZYGOPHYLLACEAE
Genus	Tribulus
Species	Tribulus terrestris L. - PUNCTUREVINE

Citation

Citation	TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 387. 1753.
Basionym:	**
Type:	Without data, Herb. Clifford 160(Tribulus 1) (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by B. L. Burtt, Kew Bull. 9: 398. 1954.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Brevard	USF
Duval	FLAS
Escambia	FLAS
Highlands	FLAS
Hillsborough	USF
Lake	FLAS
Lee	USF
Marion	FLAS
Okaloosa	FLAS
Pasco	FLAS
Pinellas	USF
Polk	USF
Sarasota	USF
St. Johns	FLAS

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Tribulus muricatus	Tribulus muricatus Stokes, Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 496. 1812, nom. illegit.	BASIONYM: Tribulus terrestris Linnaeus 1753.
Tribulus acanthococcus	Tribulus acanthococcus F. Mueller, Trans. Philos. Soc. Victoria 1: 9. 1855.
Tribulus albus	Tribulus albus Poiret, in Lamarck, Encycl. 8: 45. 1808.		TYPE: SENEGAL:
Tribulus bicornutus	Tribulus bicornutus Fischer & C. A. Meyer, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 11: 391. 1838.
Tribulus bimucronatus	Tribulus bimucronatus Viviani, Pl. Aegypt. Dec. 9. 1830.
Tribulus excrucians	Tribulus excrucians Wawra & Peyritsch, Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 38: 557. 1860.
Tribulus hispidus	Tribulus hispidus E. Meyer ex C. Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5. 3: 459. 1845.
Tribulus humifusus	Tribulus humifusus Schumacher, Beskr. Guin. Pl. 215. 1827.
Tribulus inermis	Tribulus inermis Kralik, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., ser. 3. 11: 25. 1849.
Tribulus kotschyanus	Tribulus kotschyanus Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2. 3(1): 111. 1854.
Tribulus lanuginosus	Tribulus lanuginosus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 387. 1753.		TYPE: SRI LANKA: Without data (lectotype: LINN 547.2). Lectotypified by El-Hadidi, in Polhill, Fl. Trop. E. Afr., Zygophyllac. 8. 1985.
Tribulus micans	Tribulus micans Welwitsch, Apont. 566. 1859.
Tribulus microcephalus	Tribulus microcephalus Bertoloni f., Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna 3: 255. 1851.
Tribulus mollis	Tribulus mollis Ehrenberg ex Schweinfurth, Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 29. 1867.
Tribulus murex	Tribulus murex C. Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5. 3: 459. 1845.
Tribulus parvispinus	Tribulus parvispinus C. Presl, Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5. 3: 459. 1845.
Tribulus pentandrus	Tribulus pentandrus Forsskål, Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 88. 1775.
Tribulus revoilii	Tribulus revoilii Franchet, Sert. Somal. 22. 1882.
Tribulus robustus	Tribulus robustus Boissier & Noe, in Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2. 3(1): 112. 1854.
Tribulus sinaicus	Tribulus sinaicus Boissier, Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 1. 2(8): 120. 1849.
Tribulus spurius	Tribulus spurius Kralik, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., ser. 3. 11: 28. 1849.
Tribulus uniflorus	Tribulus uniflorus Nevski ex Bulavkina, Sorn. Rast. SSSR 3: 252. 1934.
Tribulus zeyheri	Tribulus zeyheri Sonder, in Harvey & Sonder, Fl. Cap. 1: 353. 1860.		TYPE: SOUTH AFRICA:

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen	Notes
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	15 Aug 1988	K. Holland s.n.
USA	Florida	Pinellas Co.	15 Aug 1964	O. K. Lakela 27358
USA	Florida	Lee Co.	04 May 1976	W. C. Brumbach 8980
USA	Florida	Brevard Co.	17 Nov 1987	B. F. Hansen 11717
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	05 Aug 1987	B. F. Hansen 11399
USA	Florida	Sarasota Co.	19 May 2008	A. R. Franck 628
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	05 May 2011	A. R. Franck 2625
USA	Florida	Pinellas Co.	03 Jul 2013	A. R. Franck 3258
Mauritania	Tagant		07 Jul 2017	F. C. Graham IV s.n.
Mauritania	Hodh ech-Chargui		27 Jul 2017	F. C. Graham IV s.n.	While it is common in the Old World, it is an invasive species in North America.
USA	South Carolina	Richland Co.	01 Oct 1980	D. H. Rembert, Jr. s.n.
USA	South Carolina	Beaufort Co.	27 Jun 1956	R. C. Bell 3791
USA	Louisiana	Lincoln Par.	24 Jun 1955	J. Moore 6172
Mexico	Guanajuato		27 Jun 1971	P. Genelle 841
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	08 May 2012	S. Dickman 560
USA	California	San Mateo Co.	27 Jul 1974	I. L. Wiggins 22111
USA	California	San Mateo Co.	27 Jul 1974	I. L. Wiggins 22110
USA	California	San Mateo Co.	27 Jul 1974	I. L. Wiggins 22111
USA	California	Santa Clara Co.	26 Jul 1974	I. L. Wiggins 22101
USA	California	Santa Clara Co.	26 Jul 1974	I. L. Wiggins 22100
USA	California	San Mateo Co.	25 Jul 1974	I. L. Wiggins 22098
USA	Arizona	Coconino Co.	04 Sep 1981	R. P. Sauleda 6490
USA	New Mexico	Santa Fe Co.	02 Sep 1981	R. P. Sauleda 6426
USA	Illinois	Cass Co.	13 Sep 1995	S. R. Hill 27528
USA	Arizona		23 Aug 1955	Thomas 211
USA	Texas	Hudspeth Co.	07 Sep 1955	B. H. Warnock 13557
USA	Texas	Brewster Co.	22 Sep 1959	B. H. Warnock 17615
USA	New Mexico	Colfax Co.	02 Sep 1981	R. P. Sauleda 6373
USA	Illinois	Saint Clair Co.	10 Sep 2009	S. R. Hill 38300
USA	California	Stanislaus Co.	13 Aug 1969	F. R. Fosberg 51408
USA	Illinois	Cass Co.	01 Sep 1998	S. R. Hill 30705
USA	Illinois	Cass Co.	25 Sep 1996	S. R. Hill 28843
USA	Illinois	Mason Co.	16 Aug 1994	S. R. Hill 25968
USA	Arizona	Navajo Co.	01 Aug 1995	C. vanHoek 474
USA	California	San Bernardino Co.	30 Aug 1965	R. F. Thorne 35423
USA	Illinois	Cass Co.	15 Jul 2006	S. R. Hill 37008
USA	Texas	Kinney Co.	28 May 1986	R. P. Sauleda 9161
USA	Texas	El Paso Co.	25 Oct 1969	F. Almeda 607
USA	Arizona	Pinal Co.	19 Aug 1963	C. T. Reed 5-7-54
USA	Texas	Lubbock Co.	04 May 1964	C. D. Brown s.n.
USA	Texas	Travis Co.	05 Sep 1956	W. L. McCart 5804
USA	Arizona	Maricopa Co.	28 Apr 1960	N. H. Russell 11523

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council

FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

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Filter by County - Counties to Exclude - ANY versus ALL

Any - An Any search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean Or. Plant species returned will not be found within at least one of the selected counties.
All - An All search will combine the list of counties to exclude with a Boolean And. Plant species returned will not be found within any of the selected counties.

Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen, Alan Franck, or Karla Alvarado

Web Development: USF Water Institute

A member of the University of South Florida family of PlantAtlas.org websites

Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2024. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

Only plant populations vouchered by specimens deposited in Index Herbariorum http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ recognized herbaria are represented on this map.