Gossypium hirsutum

Family:MALVACEAE
Species:Gossypium hirsutum L.
Common Name:UPLAND COTTON; WILD COTTON
Plant Notes:Gossypium hirsutum is native to coastal south Florida (d'Eeckenbrugge & Lacape 2014). The cotton boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) is thought to be native primarily to southern Mexico (Jones 2001), and was detected in Texas in 1892 and in wild cotton plants of Florida in 1932. The host plants of the weevil may include Cienfuegosia, Gossypium, Hampea, Hibiscus, and Thespesia (Jones 2001). Although G. hirsutum is now considered a state-threatened species, wild cotton was once called "a worthless plant" in south Florida and all wild and cultivated plants of south Florida were historically purposely destroyed from 1932-1971 with the intent of the "final eradication of all wild cotton in Florida" in order to reduce the impact of the boll weevil to commercial cotton (Henneberry et al. 1980; USDA 1950, 1955, 1956). It was claimed that from 1933-1950, "over 17 million such plants" were destroyed (USDA 1950). Wild cotton was reportedly found in Hudson in Pasco Co. and Grant in Brevard Co. (Noble 1969).
Status:Native, Threatened-State, FACU (NWPL)
Specimen: View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order MALVALES
FamilyMALVACEAE
Genus Gossypium
Species Gossypium hirsutum L. - UPLAND COTTON; WILD COTTON

Citation

Citation GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM Linnaeus, Sp. Pl., ed. 2. 975. 1763.
Basionym: **
Type: Cult. at Chelsea, England, without data, Miller s.n. (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by Borssum-Waalkes, Blumea 14: 1-251. 1966.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

CountyHerbariaLiterature Citation (If Applicable)
Charlotte USF  
Collier USF  
Gilchrist USF  
Hillsborough USF  
Lee USF  
Manatee USF  
Miami-Dade USF  
Monroe Keys USF  
Monroe Mainland USF  
Palm Beach FAU FAU specimens now housed at FTG
Pinellas USF  
Sarasota USF  

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Gossypium barbadense var. hirsutum Gossypium barbadense Linnaeus, var. hirsutum (Linnaeus) Triana & Planchon, Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., ser. 4. 17: 171. 1862, non Hooker & Bentham 1849.BASIONYM: Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus 1763. 
Gossypium herbaceum var. hirsutum Gossypium herbaceum Linnaeus, var. hirsutum (Linnaeus) Masters, in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 347. 1874.BASIONYM: Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus 1763. 
Gossypium hirsutum forma punctatum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, forma punctatum (Schumacher & Thonning) Roberty, Candollea 7: 330. 1938.BASIONYM: Gossypium punctatum Schumacher & Thonning 1827. 
Gossypium hirsutum subsp. punctatum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, subsp. punctatum (Schumacher & Thonning) Mauer, Trudy Sredne-Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ. Lenina 18: 22. 1950.BASIONYM: Gossypium punctatum Schumacher & Thonning 1827. 
Gossypium hirsutum subvar. punctatum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, subvar. punctatum (Schumacher & Thonning) Wouters, Publ. Inst. Natl. Etude Agron. Congo Belge, Ser. Sci. 34: 99. 1948.BASIONYM: Gossypium punctatum Schumacher & Thonning 1827. 
Gossypium hirsutum var. punctatum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, var. punctatum (Schumacher & Thonning) Roberty, Ann. Inst. Bot.-Geol. Colon. Marseille, ser. 6. 3: 42. 1945.BASIONYM: Gossypium punctatum Schumacher & Thonning 1827. 
Gossypium nigrum var. punctatum Gossypium nigrum Buchanan-Hamilton, var. punctatum (Schumacher & Thonning) Hooker f. & Webb, in Hooker, Niger Fl. 107. 1849.BASIONYM: Gossypium punctatum Schumacher & Thonning 1827. 
Gossypium punctatum Gossypium punctatum Schumacher & Thonning, in Schumacher, Beskr. Guin. Pl. 308. 1827. TYPE: GHANA: Without data, Thonning 327 (holotype: ?).
Gossypium punctatum var. nigeria Gossypium punctatum Schumacher & Thonning, var. nigeria Watt, Wild Cult. Cotton 170. 1907, nom. inadmiss.BASIONYM: Gossypium punctatum Schumacher & Thonning 1827. 
Gossypium purpurascens var. punctatum Gossypium purpurascens Poiret, var. punctatum (Schumacher & Thonning) Harland, Empire Cotton Growing Conf. 2: 24. 1934.BASIONYM: Gossypium punctatum Schumacher & Thonning 1827. 
Hibiscus barbadensis var. hirsutus Hibiscus barbadensis (Linnaeus) Kuntze, var. hirsutus (Linnaeus) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 68. 1891.BASIONYM: Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus 1763. 
Gossypium asiaticum Gossypium asiaticum Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 16. 1838. TYPE: "Siam blanc veloute", without data, Rohr s.n. (lectotype: C). Lectotypifed by Fryxell, Taxon 18: 406. 1969.
Gossypium barbadense var. marie-galante Gossypium barbadense Linnaeus, var. marie-galante (Watt) A. Chevalier, Rev. Int. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 18: 118. 1938.BASIONYM: Gossypium marie-galante Watt 1927. 
Gossypium birkinshawii Gossypium birkinshawii Watt, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1927: 330. 1927. TYPE: ST. VINCENT: Canouan, near Point de Jour, on cliffs about Billy Hole, 15 Jan 1914, Birkinshaw s.n. (holotype: K; isotype: E).
Gossypium caespitosum Gossypium caespitosum Todaro, Giorn. Reale Ist. Incoragg. Agric. Sicilia 1: 80. 1863. TYPE: Cult. at Palermo, Italy, s.d., Todaro s.n. (holotype: PAL).
Gossypium convexum Gossypium convexum Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 16. 1838. TYPE: "Indian", without data, Rohr s.n. (lectotype: C). Lectotypified by Fryxell, Taxon 18: 403-404. 1969.
Gossypium divaricatum Gossypium divaricatum Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 17. 1838. TYPE: "Domingo couronne", without data, Rohr s.n. (lectotype: C). Lectotypified by Fryxell, Taxon 18: 405. 1969.
Gossypium elatum Gossypium elatum Salisbury, Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 385. 1796, nom. illegit.BASIONYM: Gossypium religiosum Linnaeus 1767. 
Gossypium harrisii Gossypium harrisii Watt, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1927: 331. 1927. TYPE: JAMAICA: Coastline between Portland POint and Rocky Point, s.d., Harris s.n (holotype: K; isotypes: NY, US).
Gossypium herbaceum var. religiosum Gossypium herbaceum Linnaeus, var. religiosum (Linnaeus) Masters, in Hooker f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 347. 1874.BASIONYM: Gossypium religiosum Linnaeus 1767. 
Gossypium hirsutum forma jamaicense Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, forma jamaicense (Macfadyen) Wouters, Publ. Inst. Natl. Etude Agron. Congo Belge, Ser. Sci. 34: 102. 1948.BASIONYM: Gossypium jamaicense Macfadyen 1837. 
Gossypium hirsutum forma mexicanum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, forma mexicanum (Todaro) Roberty, Candollea 7: 332. 1938.BASIONYM: Gossypium mexicanum Todaro 1868. 
Gossypium hirsutum forma schottii Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, forma schottii (Watt) Wouters, Publ. Inst. Natl. Etude Agron. Congo Belge, Ser. Sci. 34: 103. 1948.BASIONYM: Gossypium schottii Watt 1907. 
Gossypium hirsutum subsp. caespitosum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, subsp. caespitosum (Todaro) Roberty, Candollea 13: 58. 1950.BASIONYM: Gossypium caespitosum Todaro 1863. 
Gossypium hirsutum subsp. latifolium Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, subsp. latifolium (Murray) Roberty, Candollea 13: 61. 1950.BASIONYM: Gossypium latifolium Murray 1776. 
Gossypium hirsutum subsp. mexicanum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, subsp. mexicanum (Todaro) Mauer, Trudy Sredne- Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ. Lenina 18: 22. 1950.BASIONYM: Gossypium mexicanum Todaro 1868. 
Gossypium hirsutum subsp. paniculatum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, subsp. paniculatum (Blanco) Mauer, Trucy Sredne- Aziatsk. Gosud. Univ. Lenina 18: 22. 1950.BASIONYM: Gossypium paniculatum Blanco 1837. 
Gossypium hirsutum subsp. prostratum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, subsp. prostratum (Thonning) Roberty, Candollea 13: 59. 1950.BASIONYM: Gossypium prostratum Thonning 1827. 
Gossypium hirsutum var. marie-galante Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, var. marie-galante (Watt) J. B. Hutchinson, in J. B. Hutchinson et al., Evol. Gossyp. 43. 1947.BASIONYM: Gossypium marie-galante Watt 1927. 
Gossypium hirsutum var. mexicanum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, var. mexicanum (Todaro) Roberty, Ann. Inst. Bot.- Geol. Colon. Marseille, ser. 6. 3: 43. 1945.BASIONYM: Gossypium mexicanum Todaro 1868. 
Gossypium hirsutum var. micranthum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, var. micranthum (Cavanilles) Roberty, Candollea 13: 72. 1950.BASIONYM: Gossypium micranthus Cavanilles 1788. 
Gossypium hirsutum var. nervosum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, var. nervosum (Watt) Roberty, Candollea 13: 66. 1950.BASIONYM: Gossypium nervosum Watt 1927. 
Gossypium hirsutum var. paniculatum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, var. paniculatum (Blanco) Roberty, Candollea 13: 62. 1950.BASIONYM: Gossypium paniculatum Blanco 1837. 
Gossypium hirsutum var. religiosum Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, var. religiosum (Linnaeus) Watt, Wild Cult. Cotton 201. 1907.BASIONYM: Gossypium religiosum Linnaeus 1767. 
Gossypium hirsutum var. schottii Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, var. schottii (Watt) Prokhanov, Bot. Zurn. SSSR 32: 73. 1947.BASIONYM: Gossypium schottii Watt 1907. 
Gossypium hirsutum var. taitense Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, var. taitense (Parlatore) Roberty, Candollea 13: 66. 1950.BASIONYM: Gossypium taitense Parlatore 1866. 
Gossypium hirsutum var. volubile Gossypium hirsutum Linnaeus, var. volubile (Ramirez Goyena) Roberty, Candollea 13: 70. 1950.BASIONYM: Gossypium volubile Ramirez Goyena 1909. 
Gossypium hopi Gossypium hopi Lewton, Smithsonian Misc. Collect. 60(6): 9, pl. 1-5. 1912. TYPE: Cult. at Victoria, Texas, 4 Aug 1909, Lewton 1009 (holotype: US; isotype: US).
Gossypium jamaicense Gossypium jamaicense Macfadyen, Fl. Jamaica 1: 73. 1837. TYPE: JAMAICA: Near Rockfort, s.d., Macfadyen s.n. (holotype: K?).
Gossypium latifolium Gossypium latifolium Murray, Novi Comment. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gott. 7: 22, t. 1. 1776. TYPE: Without data (lectotype: Murray, Novi Comment. Soc. Regiae Sci. Gott. 7: t. 1. 1776). Lectotypified by Fryxell, Syst. Bot. Monogr. 25: 169. 1988.
Gossypium latifolium var. paniculatum Gossypium latifolium Murray, var. paniculatum (Blanco) Roberty, Candollea 9: 91. 1942.BASIONYM: Gossypium paniculatum Blanco 1837. 
Gossypium latifolium var. prostratum Gossypium latifolium Murray, var. prostratum (Thonning) Roberty, Candollea 9: 90. 1942.BASIONYM: Gossypium prostratum Thonning 1827. 
Gossypium latifolium var. taitense Gossypium latifolium Murray, var. taitense (Parlatore) Roberty, Candollea 9: 89. 1942.BASIONYM: Gossypium taitense Parlatore 1866. 
Gossypium marie-galante Gossypium marie-galante Watt, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1927: 344. 1927. TYPE: ST. VINCENT: Union Island, 11 Jan 1914, Birkinshaw s.n. (holotype: K; isotype: E).
Gossypium mexicanum Gossypium mexicanum Todaro, Index. Sem. Hort. Reg. Bot. Panorm. 1867: 20, 31. 1868. TYPE: MEXICO: Cult. in Italy, 1868, Todaro s.n. (holotype: PAL).
Gossypium micranthum Gossypium micranthum Cavanilles, Diss. 6: 311. 1788. TYPE: Cult. at Paris, without data (holotype: MA; isotype: FI).
Gossypium nervosum Gossypium nervosum Watt, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1927: 324. 1927. TYPE: MEXICO: Veracruz: Panuco, 20 Apr 1910, Palmer 351 (holotype: K; isotypes: GH, MO, NY, US).
Gossypium nicaraguense Gossypium nacaraguense Ramirez Goyena, Fl. Nicarag. 1: 195. 1909.  
Gossypium oligospermum Gossypium oligospermum Macfadyen, Fl. Jamaica 1: 74. 1837. TYPE: JAMAICA: Liguanea, s.d., Macfadyen s.n. (holotype: K?).
Gossypium pallens Gossypium pallens Rafinesque, Sylva Tellur. 16. 1838. TYPE: "Siam couronne brun", without data, Rohr s.n. (holotype: C).
Gossypium paniculatum Gossypium paniculatum Blanco, Fl. Filip. 539. 1837. TYPE: PHILIPPINES: Luzon: Bontoc Subprovince, 9 May 1914, Vanoverbergh 3659 (neotype: B; isoneotypes: A, FI, G, GRO, L, MO, NY, U). Neotypified by Borssum Waalkes, Blumea 14: 1-251. 1966.
Gossypium peruvianum var. marie-galante Gossypium peruvianum Cavanilles, var. marie-galante (Watt) Roberty, Ann. Inst. Bot.-Geol. Colon. Marseille, ser. 6. 3: 42. 1945.BASIONYM: Gossypium marie-galante Watt 1927. 
Gossypium prostratum Gossypium prostratum Thonning, in Schumacher, Beskr. Guin. Pl. 311. 1827. TYPE: GHANA: Without data, Thonning 328 (holotype: S).
Gossypium punctatum var. jamaicense Gossypium punctatum Schumacher & Thonning, var. jamaicense (Macfadyen) Watt, Wild Cult. Cotton 170. 1907.BASIONYM: Gossypium jamaicense Macfadyen 1837. 
Gossypium punctatum var. prostratum Gossypium punctatum Schumacher & Thonning, var. prostratum (Thonning) Watt, Wild Cult. Cotton 174. 1907.BASIONYM: Gossypium prostratum Thonning 1827. 
Gossypium purpurascens var. taitense Gossypium purpurascens Poiret, var. taitense Parlatore) Roberty, Candollea 7: 332. 1938.BASIONYM: Gossypium taitense Parlatore 1866. 
Gossypium religiosum Gossypium religiosum Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12. 462. 1767. TYPE: Without data, Turra s.n. (lectotype: LINN 874.6). Lectotypified by Watt, Wild Cult. Cotton Pl. World 201, 203, pl. 32. 1907.
Gossypium schottii Gossypium schottii Watt, Wild Cult. Cotton 206, t. 35. 1907. TYPE: MEXICO: Yucatan: Merida, 24 Aug 1865, Schott 602 (holotype: BM; isotypes: F, MO, US).
Gossypium sericatum Gossypium sericatum Prokhanov, Bot. Zurn. SSSR 32: 73. 1947. TYPE: MEXICO: Cult. in Tashkent,
Gossypium siamense Gossypium siamense Tussac, Fl. Antill. 2: 68. 1818.  
Gossypium taitense Gossypium taitense Parlatore, Sp. Cotoni 39. 1866. TYPE: TAHITI: Without data, Moerenhout s.n. (holotype: FI; isotype: G-DC).
Gossypium tricuspidatum var. jamaicense Gossypium tricuspidatum Lamarck, var. jamaicense (Macfadyen) Mauer, Origin Syst. Cotton 315. 1954.BASIONYM: Gossypium jamaicense Macfadyen 1837. 
Gossypium tricuspidatum var. oligospermum Gossypium tricuspidatum Lamarck, var. oligospermum (Macfadyen) Mauer, Origin Syst. Cotton 315. 1954.BASIONYM: Gossypium oligospermum Macfadyen 1837. 
Gossypium volubile Gossypium volubile Ramirez Goyena, Fl. Nicarag. 1: 195. 1909.  
Hibiscus barbadensis var. oligospermum Hibiscus barbadensis (Linnaeus) Kuntze, var. oligospermum (Macfadyen) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 68. 1891.BASIONYM: Gossypium oligospermum Macfadyen 1837. 
Hibiscus barbadensis var. religiosus Hibiscus barbadensis (Linnaeus) Kuntze, var. religiosus (Linnaeus) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 68. 1891.BASIONYM: Gossypium religiosum Linnaeus 1767. 
Xylon religiosum Xylon religiosum (Linnaeus) Moench, Methodus 616. 1794.BASIONYM: Gossypium religiosum Linnaeus 1767. 

Specimens

Country State County Date Specimen Notes Image
USA Florida Gilchrist Co. 25 Oct 1985 B. F. Hansen 10798
USA Florida Lee Co. 14 May 1992 V. Subic MK0013
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 27 Mar 1981 D. W. Crewz 2127 Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Manatee Co. 12 Oct 1981 A.G. Shuey 2513
USA Florida Monroe Co. 07 Aug 1966 R. W. Long 2235
USA Florida Pinellas Co. 27 Mar 1981 D. W. Crewz 2127 Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Lee Co. 24 Feb 1954 G. R. Cooley 2534 Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Lee Co. 24 Feb 1954 G. R. Cooley 2534 Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Monroe Co. 20 Dec 1973 R. A. Hilsenbeck 624
USA Florida Lee Co. 30 Mar 1974 S. Todd 112
USA Florida Charlotte Co. 15 Sep 1983 A.G. Shuey 2558
USA Florida Lee Co. 01 Apr 1981 W. C. Brumbach 9678 Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Lee Co. 01 Apr 1981 W. C. Brumbach 9678 Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Monroe Co. 02 Apr 1996 G. Gann 432
USA Florida Collier Co. 19 May 1999 R. A. Hattaway CS0410
USA Florida Monroe Co. Dec 1929 O. E. Jennings s.n.
USA Florida Monroe Co. 18 Jan 1969 O. K. Lakela 31769
USA Florida Monroe Co. 11 Feb 1967 R. W. Long 2475 Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Monroe Co. 11 Feb 1967 R. W. Long 2475 Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Monroe Co. 28 Nov 1962 F. C. Craighead s.n. Sheet 2 of 2.
USA Florida Monroe Co. 28 Nov 1962 F. C. Craighead s.n. Sheet 1 of 2.
USA Florida Monroe Co. 21 May 1976 J. E. Poppleton 792
USA Florida Monroe Co. Dec 1964 F. C. Craighead s.n.
USA Florida Monroe Co. 19 Apr 1981 W. C. Brumbach 9688
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 21 Feb 2010 A. R. Franck 1788
USA Illinois Champaign Co. 23 Sep 2007 S. R. Hill 37664 CULTIVATED.
USA Louisiana Ouachita Par. 12 Aug 1983 D. D. Taylor 4631 CULTIVATED.
Puerto Rico Ponce Mun. 18 Nov 1981 B. F. Hansen 9128
Cayman Islands Grand Cayman Island 23 Aug 1971 N. Chevalier 201
Turks & Caicos Middle Caicos 23 Apr 1971 D. Burch 4282
Dominica St. Joseph Par. 11 Mar 1993 S. R. Hill 24744
Bahamas Eleuthera Island 31 Dec 1969 W. H. Lewis 7535 Cotton used to be cultivated some years ago in The Current.
Bahamas Eleuthera Island 15 Dec 1979 R. P. Wunderlin 8423
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 02 May 2017 J. R. Campbell s.n.
USA Florida Sep 1963 Mr. Odgen 4381 CULTIVATED.
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