Gaillardia aestivalis

Distribution Map: Based on vouchered plant specimens from wild populations. Cultivated occurrences are not mapped. View county names by placing the cursor over the map.

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Family:	ASTERACEAE
Species:	Gaillardia aestivalis (Walter)H.Rock
Common Name:	LANCELEAF BLANKETFLOWER
Status:	Native
Specimen:	View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order	ASTERALES
Family	ASTERACEAE
Genus	Gaillardia
Species	Gaillardia aestivalis (Walter)H.Rock - LANCELEAF BLANKETFLOWER

Citation

Citation	GAILLARDIA AESTIVALIS (Walter) H. Rock, Rhodora 58: 315. 1956.
Basionym:	Helenium aestivale Walter 1788.
Type:	SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Herb. Walter 235 (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by H. Rock, Rhodora 58: 315. 1956.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

County	Herbaria	Literature Citation (If Applicable)
Alachua	FLAS
Bay	FSU
Calhoun	USF
Citrus	USF
Clay	USF
Columbia	USF
Duval	USF
Escambia	FLAS
Franklin	FSU
Gadsden	FLAS
Hardee	FLAS
Hernando	USF
Highlands	USF
Hillsborough	USF
Holmes	USF
Jackson	FLAS
Lake	USF
Leon	FLAS
Levy	FLAS
Liberty	USF
Madison	FSU
Marion	USF
Nassau	FLAS
Okaloosa	USF
Orange	FLAS
Osceola	USF
Pasco	USF
Polk	USF
Putnam	USF
Santa Rosa	USF
Taylor	FSU
Wakulla	FSU
Walton	USF
Washington	FLAS

Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

Synonym	Full Citation	Basionym	Type
Gaillardia aestivalis var. flavovirens	Gaillardia aestivalis (Walter) H. Rock, var. flavovirens (C. Mohr) Cronquist, Brittonia 29: 221. 1977.	BASIONYM: Gaillardia lanceolata Michaux, var. flavovirens C. Mohr 1901.
Gaillardia lanceolata	Gaillardia lanceolata Michaux, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 142. 1803.		TYPE: "Carolina ad Floridam",
Gaillardia lanceolata var. flavovirens	Gaillardia lanceolata Michaux, var. flavovirens C. Mohr, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 6: 812. 1901.		TYPE: ALABAMA: Baldwin Co.: Between Bon Secour and Perdido Bay, 16 Jul 1893, Mohr s.n. (holotype: ALU).
Gaillardia lutea	Gaillardia lutea Greene, Pittonia 5: 57. 1902.		TYPE: MISSOURI: Dunklin Co.: Malden, 21 Aug 1894, Bush 177 (holotype: ?).
Helenium aestivale	Helenium aestivale Walter, Fl. Carol. 210. 1788.		TYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Herb. Walter 235 (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by H. Rock, Rhodora 58: 315. 1956.
Gaillardia chrysantha	Gaillardia chrysantha Small, Fl. S.E. U.S. 1293, 1341. 1903.		TYPE: TEXAS: Bowie Co.: Without locality, 13 Jun 1898, Eggert s.n. (holotype: NY).
Gaillardia fastigiata	Gaillardia fastigiata Greene, Pittonia 5: 57. 1902.		TYPE: OKLAHOMA: Creek Co.: Sapulpa, 6 Oct 1894, Bush 324 (holotype: ?).
Gaillardia lanceolata var. fastigiata	Gaillardia lanceolata Michaux, var. fastigiata (Greene) Waterfall, Rhodora 62: 321. 1960.	BASIONYM: Gaillardia fastigiata Greene 1902.
Gaillardia rigida	Gaillardia rigida Small ex Rydberg, in Britton, N. Amer. Fl. 34: 135. 1915.		TYPE: ARKANSAS: Sebastian Co.: Fort Smith, s.d., Bigelow 219 (holotype: NY?).
Gaillardia serotina	Gaillardia serotina (Walter) H. Rock, Rhodora 58: 315. 1956.	BASIONYM: Helenium serotinum Walter 1788.
Helenium serotinum	Helenium serotinum Walter, Fl. Carol. 210. 1788.		TYPE: SOUTH CAROLINA: Without data, Herb. Walter 243 (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by H. Rock, Rhodora 58: 315. 1956.
Marshallia dentata	Marshallia dentata Bertoloni, Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Ist. Bologna 5: 447. 1854.

Specimens

Country	State	County	Date	Specimen
USA	Florida	Hernando Co.	20 Apr 1959	G. R. Cooley 6488
USA	Florida	Hernando Co.	20 Apr 1959	G. R. Cooley 6488
USA	Florida	Walton Co.	09 Sep 1977	D. W. Crewz 1197
USA	Florida	Lake Co.	17 Oct 1987	R. F. Daubenmire s.n.
USA	Florida	Osceola Co.	16 Jun 1988	B. F. Hansen 11765
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	10 Jul 1964	H. S. Conard s.n.
USA	Florida	Polk Co.	02 Jun 1961	O. K. Lakela 24197
USA	Florida	Hernando Co.	14 May 1958	G. R. Cooley 6262
USA	Florida	Hernando Co.	11 May 1958	R. Kral 6499
USA	Florida	Columbia Co.	08 Oct 1982	D. S. Correll 54172
USA	Florida	Highlands Co.	10 Aug 1965	L. J. Brass 33446
USA	Florida	Citrus Co.	26 Aug 2001	M. T. Strong 2778
USA	Florida	Clay Co.	03 Sep 1992	S. L. Orzell 20578
USA	Florida	Duval Co.	05 Sep 1992	S. L. Orzell 20682
USA	Florida	Calhoun Co.	10 Aug 2007	T. MacClendon 678
USA	Florida	Holmes Co.	29 Sep 1992	S. L. Orzell 20844
USA	Florida	Walton Co.	11 Jul 1990	S. L. Orzell 14306
USA	Florida	Putnam Co.	04 Oct 2000	C. Slaughter 12298
USA	Florida	Columbia Co.	01 Oct 1993	B. J. Herring 1193
USA	Florida	Santa Rosa Co.	14 Sep 1981	R. P. Sauleda 6785
USA	Florida	Santa Rosa Co.	18 Jun 1981	G. Wilhelm 9117
USA	Florida	Liberty Co.	16 Oct 1999	L. L. Walker 129
USA	Florida	Citrus Co.	19 Sep 1987	C. vanHoek 80
USA	Florida	Okaloosa Co.	27 Jul 1981	D. S. Correll 52229
USA	Florida	Pasco Co.	03 Oct 1976	R. P. Wunderlin 5712
USA	Florida	Lake Co.	29 Apr 1960	G. R. Cooley 7343
USA	Florida	Clay Co.	12 Oct 1979	B. F. Hansen 6725
USA	Florida	Pasco Co.	30 Sep 1960	J. D. Ray, Jr. 10312
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	07 Dec 1975	A.G. Shuey 1511
USA	Florida	Marion Co.	23 May 1974	L. Baltzell 6367
USA	Texas	Harris Co.	22 Aug 1961	A. Traverse 2577
USA	Oklahoma	Payne Co.	29 Jun 1933	J. F. Bender 63
USA	Texas	Goliad Co.	22 Jul 1991	S. R. Hill 22437
USA	Louisiana	Winn Par.	14 May 1977	C. M. Allen 7871
USA	Louisiana	Bienville Par.	14 May 1977	C. M. Allen 7894
USA	Louisiana	Natchitoches Par.	28 Aug 1976	K. A. Vincent 559
USA	Mississippi	Walthall Co.	25 Jun 1956	J. D. Ray, Jr. 6546
USA	Mississippi	Walthall Co.	25 Jul 1956	J. D. Ray, Jr. 6545
USA	Mississippi	Lamar Co.	23 Sep 1955	J. D. Ray, Jr. 6118
USA	Louisiana	Catahoula Par.	08 Aug 1967	R. D. Thomas 3995
USA	Louisiana	Vernon Par.	28 Apr 1955	G. R. Cooley 3975
USA	South Carolina	Aiken Co.	19 Jun 1958	J. A. Duke 1299
USA	Mississippi	Clarke Co.	17 Jul 1956	J. D. Ray, Jr. 6983
USA	Alabama	Conecuh Co.	18 Jul 1987	S. R. Hill 18176
USA	Mississippi	Lowndes Co.	31 Jul 1956	J. D. Ray, Jr. 7300
USA	Alabama	Escambia Co.	08 Jul 1981	G. Wilhelm 9614
USA	Mississippi	Pearl River Co.	26 Jun 1956	J. D. Ray, Jr. 6507
USA	Mississippi	Wayne Co.	21 Jul 1955	J. D. Ray, Jr. 5064
USA	Mississippi	Walthall Co.	25 Jun 1956	J. D. Ray, Jr. 6546
USA	Louisiana	Vernon Par.	03 Sep 1973	V. I. Sullivan 1645
USA	North Carolina	Richmond Co.	01 Jun 1968	S. W. Leonard 1558
USA	Louisiana	Vernon Par.	25 Sep 1976	K. A. Vincent 645
USA	Florida	Hillsborough Co.	26 May 2011	S. Dickman 373

Listed Status: Florida

Listed Status:	(Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered:	A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened:	Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.

Listed Status: US

Listed Status: US	(U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered:	Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened:	Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.

WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD:	Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D:	Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD:	Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T:	Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U:	Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.

ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with WAP designations
No - Show results without WAP designations

FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council

FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL:	Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC:	Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.

NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL:	Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW:	Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC:	Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU:	Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL:	Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.

Persisting

Identifying species that appear as waifs or only periodically appear in the flora for a few seasons.

Any - Persisting critieria is not taken into consideration
Yes - Show results with a Persisting value of Y
No - Show results without Persisting value of N

Duration

Annual:	Plants that perform their entire lifecycle within a single growing season. All roots, stems, and leaves die at the end of the growing season. Over wintering seeds allow the next generation to appear.
Biennial:	A plant that is typically vegetative its first year and blooms the following season. Once it has bloomed and set seed, the plant dies. Garlic mustard is an example of a biennial.
Perennial:	These plants live for three or more seasons. Many perennials may not be mature enough to bloom during its first year. Perennial wildflowers re-grow each season from overwinter root material.

Category

Vascular:	Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte:	A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen:	The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Growth Habit

Intro paragraph to be provided by New York.

Vine:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Shrub:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Tree:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.
Et cetera:	DESCRIPTION TO BE PROVIDED BY NEW YORK.

State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
SE - State exotic or non-native.
SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
SNR - Not yet ranked.
SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.

Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
GNR - Not yet ranked.
GX - Species believed to be extinct.

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Associated Ecological Communities

View a List of All Ecological Communities

For more information, contact: Richard Wunderlin or Bruce Hansen, Alan Franck, or Karla Alvarado

Web Development: USF Water Institute

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Citation Information:

Wunderlin, R. P., B. F. Hansen, A. R. Franck, and F. B. Essig. 2024. Atlas of Florida Plants (http://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/). [S. M. Landry and K. N. Campbell (application development), USF Water Institute.] Institute for Systematic Botany, University of South Florida, Tampa.

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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

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