Persicaria lapathifolia

Family:POLYGONACEAE
Species:Persicaria lapathifolia (L.)Delarbre
Common Name:CURLYTOP KNOTWEED; PALE SMARTWEED
Status:Native, OBL (DEP), FACW (NWPL)
Specimen: View details of USF Herbarium specimens

** Not applicable or data not available.

Classification

Division
Class
Sub Class
Order CARYOPHYLLALES
FamilyPOLYGONACEAE
Genus Persicaria
Species Persicaria lapathifolia (L.)Delarbre - CURLYTOP KNOTWEED; PALE SMARTWEED

Citation

Citation PERSICARIA LAPATHIFOLIA (Linnaeus) Delarbre, Fl. Auvergne, ed. 2. 519. 1800.
Basionym: Polygonum lapathifolium Linnaeus 1753.
Type: Without data, Herb. Clifford 42(Persicaria 2) (lectotype: BM). Lectotypified by Timson, Watsonia 5: 394. 1963.

** Not applicable or data not available.

Source

CountyHerbariaLiterature Citation (If Applicable)
Bay FLAS  
Charlotte USF  
Collier FNPS  
Escambia FSU  
Franklin FSU  
Hardee USF  
Hillsborough USF  
Jackson USF  
Leon FSU  
Martin FTG  
Nassau FSU  
Palm Beach USF  
Sarasota USF  
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Synonyms

– Denotes synonyms that are applicable to the state. Show these synonyms only

SynonymFull CitationBasionymType
Discolenta lapathifolia Discolenta lapathifolia (Linnaeus) Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 3: 15. 1837 ("1836").BASIONYM: Polygonum lapathifolium Linnaeus 1753. 
Persicaria incarnata Persicaria incarnata (Elliott) Small, Fl. S.E. U.S. 377, 1330. 1903.BASIONYM: Polygonum incarnatum Elliott 1817. 
Persicaria lapathifolia subsp. genuina Persicaria lapathifolia (Linnaeus) Delarbre, subsp. genuina H. Gross, Beih. Bot Centralbl. 37(2): 113. 1919, nom. inadmiss.BASIONYM: Persicaria lapathifolia (Linnaeus) Delarbre 1800; Polygonum lapathifolium Linnaeus 1753. 
Persicaria paludicola Persicaria paludicola Small, Man. S.E. Fl. 457, 1504. 1933. TYPE: FLORIDA: Miami-Dade Co.: Everglades, Camp Jackson to Camp Longview, 21-23 Feb 1911, Small et al. 3494 (holotype: NY).
Polygonum incarnatum Polygonum incarnatum Elliott, Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 456. 1817.  
Polygonum lapathifolium var. incarnatum Polygonum lapathifolium Linnaeus, var. incarnatum (Elliott) S. Watson, in A. Gray, Manual, ed. 6. 440. 1890.BASIONYM: Polygonum incarnatum Elliott 1817. 
Polygonum persicaria var. lapathifolium Polygonum persicaria Linnaeus, var. lapathifolium (Linnaeus) Meisner, Monogr. Polyg. 69. 1826.BASIONYM: Polygonum lapathifolium Linnaeus 1753. 
Persicaria glabra var. scabrinervis Persicaria glabra (Willdenow) M. Gómez de la Maza y Jiménez, var. scabrinervis (Hooker f.) H. Hara, Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal. 3: 176. 1982.BASIONYM: Polygonum glabrum Willdenow, var. scabrinerve Hooker f. 1886. 
Persicaria lapathifolia subsp. linicola Persicaria lapathifolia (Linnaeus) Delarbre, subsp. linicola (Sutulov) Tzvelev, Novosti Sist. Vyss. Rast (New Delhi) 32: 184. 2000.BASIONYM: Polygonum linicola Susulov 1917. 
Persicaria lapathifolia var. tomentosa Persicaria lapathifolia (Linnaeus) Delarbre, var. tomentosa (Schrank) H. Gross, Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 37(2): 113. 1919.BASIONYM: Polygonum persicaria Linnaeus, var. tomentosum Schrank 1789. 
Persicaria nodosa Persicaria nodosa (Persoon) Opiz, Seznam 72. 1852.BASIONYM: Polygonum nodosum Persoon 1805. 
Persicaria scabra var. incana Persicaria scabra Moldenke, var. incana (F. W. Schmidt) Tzvelev, Sosud. Rast. Sovetsk. Dal'nego Vosteka 4: 71. 1989.BASIONYM: Polygonum incanum F. W. Schmidt 1794. 
Persicaria vaniotiana Persicaria vaniotiana H. Léveillé, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 496. 1913.  
Polygonum fusiforme Polygonum fusiforme Greene, Erythea 1: 259. 1893.  
Polygonum glandulosum Polygonum glandulosum R. Brown, Prodr. 419. 1810. TYPE: AUSTRALIA:
Polygonum incanum Polygonum incanum Schmidt, Fl. Boëm. 4: 90. 1794.  
Polygonum lanatum Polygonum lanatum Roxburgh, Fl. Ind. Ed. 1832 2: 285. 1832. TYPE: INDIA:
Polygonum lapathifolium var. lanatum Polygonum lapathifolium Linnaeus, var. lanatum (Roxburgh) Steward, Contr. Gray Herb. 88: 46. 1930.BASIONYM: Polygonum lanatum Roxburgh 1832. 
Polygonum nodosum Polygonum nodosum Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1: 440. 1805.  
Polygonum persicaria var. tomentosum Polygonum persicaria Linnaeus, var. tomentosum Schrank, Baier. Fl. 1: 669. 1789.  
Polygonum pyramidale Polygonum pyramidale H. Léveillé, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 54: 370. 1907.  
Polygonum scabrum Polygonum scabrum Moench, Methodus 629. 1794. TYPE: WEST GERMANY:
Polygonum tenuiflorum Polygonum tenuiflorum J. Presl, Delic. Prag. 67. 1822. TYPE: ITALY: Sicily: "ad fossas Panormi Siciliae", s.d., Gussone s.n. (holotype: PR?).
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Specimens

Country
State
County
Date
Specimen
Notes
Image
Canada Quebec Prov. Richelieu Co. 22 Aug 1943 F. Marie-Victorin 7163
Canada Quebec Prov. Richelieu Co. 22 Aug 1943 F. Marie-Victorin 7154
Mexico Chihuahua 05 Oct 1941 R. M. Stewart 2049
Mexico Guanajuato 06 Jul 1963 S. K. Harris 25807
Mexico Guanajuato 29 Jun 1971 P. Genelle 849
USA Arizona Maricopa Co. 25 Jun 1974 J. Crandell 18291
USA Arizona Maricopa Co. 13 Apr 1974 Schuessler 17981
USA California San Francisco Co. 06 Aug 1957 J. T. Howell 32889
USA California Sonoma Co. 31 May 1964 P. Rubtzoff 5328
USA California 27 Oct 1974 I. L. Wiggins 22134
USA Florida Charlotte Co. 22 Jun 2007 J. M. Kunzer 2161
USA Florida Hardee Co. 20 Jun 2006 E. Jensen PC0111
USA Florida Hardee Co. 05 Jul 2007 E. Jensen PC0119
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 08 Mar 1999 J. Myers 301
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 25 Jun 1999 J. Myers 420
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 14 Feb 1992 K. Holland s.n.
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 29 Jul 2010 S. Dickman 239
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 29 Jul 2010 S. Dickman 239
USA Florida Hillsborough Co. 17 Mar 2015 S. Dickman 911
USA Florida Indian River Co. 07 Oct 2001 S. Myers 317
USA Florida Jackson Co. 08 Oct 2001 K. Francl 355
USA Florida Lee Co. 09 Dec 2005 S. W. Woodmansee 1677
USA Florida Lee Co. 10 Jul 1985 E. Brown s.n.
USA Florida Miami-Dade Co. Sep 1973 T. R. Alexander s.n.
USA Florida Miami-Dade Co. 31 Jan 1981 D. S. Correll 51457
USA Florida Miami-Dade Co. 04 Jun 1978 J. Popenoe 1301
USA Florida Miami-Dade Co. 1973 T. R. Alexander s.n.
USA Florida Miami-Dade Co. 17 Jun 1976 G. N. Avery 1251
USA Florida Miami-Dade Co. 24 Apr 1969 C. Byrd s.n.
USA Florida Miami-Dade Co. 12 Feb 1970 C. Byrd 4
USA Florida Palm Beach Co. 20 Apr 1990 J.R. Orsegino s.n.
USA Florida Polk Co. 16 Sep 2015 K. Shelton 3
USA Florida Sarasota Co. 02 Mar 2017 W. D. Longbottom 26343
USA Illinois Alexander Co. 28 Aug 2001 S. R. Hill 34234
USA Illinois Brown Co. 21 Sep 2000 S. R. Hill 33262
USA Illinois Brown Co. 29 Jun 2000 S. R. Hill 32558
USA Illinois DeKalb Co. 09 Aug 2002 S. R. Hill 34941
USA Illinois DeKalb Co. 28 Aug 2012 P. D. Sorensen 1237
USA Illinois Saline Co. 21 Sep 1994 S. R. Hill 26107
USA Illinois Woodford Co. 08 Sep 1995 S. R. Hill 27465
USA Louisiana Ouachita Par. 29 Sep 1983 D. D. Taylor 5943 a
USA Louisiana St. Tammany Par. 17 Sep 1983 D. D. Taylor 5797
USA Massachusetts Middlesex Co. 09 Sep 1913 C. F. Batchelder 4003
USA Massachusetts Middlesex Co. 22 Aug 1959 R. J. Eaton s.n.
USA Massachusetts Middlesex Co. 22 Jul 1912 M. L. Loomis 1115
USA Minnesota Wright Co. 30 Aug 1987 W. R. Smith 13900
USA New Hampshire Coos Co. 31 Aug 1959 A. S. Pease 39593
USA New York Tompkins Co. 02 Oct 1940 E. S. Ford 578
USA North Carolina Greene Co. 11 Jul 1958 A. E. Radford 36484
USA North Carolina Pasquotank Co. 31 Jul 1958 H. E. Ahles 48149
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Records per Page:
Listed Status: Florida
Listed Status: (Florida):Source - Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Chapter 5B-40, Florida Administrative Code. 1998, amended.
Endangered: A species of plants native to the state that are in imminent danger of extinction within the state, the survival of which is unlikely if the causes of a decline in the number of plants continue, and includes all species determined to be endangered or threatened pursuant to the Federal Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Threatened: Listed as Threatened Plants in the Preservation of Native Flora of Florida Act. Defined as species of plants native to the state that are in rapid decline in the number of plants within the state, but which have not so decreased in such number as to cause them to be endangered.
 
Listed Status: US
Listed Status: US (U.S.) Source - List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the provisions of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended.
Endangered: Any species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
Threatened: Any species which is likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range.
 
WAP: Wetland AssessmentProcedure

Wetland Assessment Procedure (WAP): Source - Southwest Florida Water Management District, Wetland Assessment Procedure Instruction Manual for Isolated Wetlands (March 2005).

AD: Adaptive Species. Plant species designated as FAC or Upland by DEP, but commonly seen in the transition zone in limited numbers.
D: Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the deep zone, and designated either FAC or OBL by DEP.
OD: Outer Deep Species. Plant species commonly found in the outer deep zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
T: Transition Species. Plant species commonly found in the transition zone, and designated either FACW or OBL by DEP.
U: Upland Species. Plant species that are not expected to be seen in wetlands.
  • ANY - WAP critieria is not taken into consideration
  • Yes - Show results with WAP designations
  • No - Show results without WAP designations
 
FISC: Florida Invasive Species Council
FISC:

Source - Florida Invasive Species Council's 2017 List of Florida's Most Invasive Species

Category I - Species that are invading and disrupting native plant communities in Florida. This definition does not rely on the economic severity or geographic range of the problem, but on the documented ecological damage caused.

Category II - Species that have shown a potential to disrupt native plant communities. These species may become ranked as Category I, but have not yet demonstrated disruption of natural Florida communities.

 
DEP: Department of Environmental Protection

Wetland Status, Department of Environmental Regulation (DEP): Source - Delineation of the Landward Extent of Wetlands and Surface Waters, Chapter 62-340, Florida Administrative Code. 1994.

OBL: Obligate wetland. Occurs almost always under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW: Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands, but occasionally found in non-wetlands
FAC: Facultative. equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands.
 
NWPL: National Wetland Plant List

National Wetland Plant List (NWPL): Source - Lichvar, R.W., M. Butterwick, N.C. Melvin, and W.N. Kirchner. 2014. The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 Update of Wetland Ratings. Phytoneuron 2014-41: 1-42.

OBL: Obligate Wetland. Occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in wetlands.
FACW: Facultative Wetland. Usually occurs in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
FAC: Facultative. Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability 34%-66%).
FACU: Facultative Upland. Usually occurs in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%), but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1%-33%).
UPL: Obligate Upland. Occurs in wetlands in another region, but occurs almost always (estimated probability 99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the regions specified.
 
Category
Vascular: Any of various plants that have the vascular tissues xylem and phloem. The vascular plants include all seed-bearing plants (the gymnosperms and angiosperms) and the pteridophytes (including the ferns, lycophytes, and horsetails). Also called tracheophyte.
Bryophyte: A large group of seedless green plants including the mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Bryophytes lack the specialized tissues xylem and phloem that circulate water and dissolved nutrients in the vascular plants. Bryophytes generally live on land but are mostly found in moist environments, for they have free-swimming sperm that require water for transport. In contrast to the vascular plants, the gametophyte (haploid) generation of bryophytes constitutes the larger plant form, while the small sporophyte (diploid) generation grows on or within the gametophyte and depends upon it for nutrition.
Lichen: The mutualistic symbiotic association of a fungus with an alga or a cyanobacterium, or both. The fungal component of a lichen absorbs water and nutrients from the surroundings and provides a suitable environment for the alga or cyanobacterium. These live protected among the dense fungal hyphae and produce carbohydrates for the fungus by photosynthesis. Owing to this partnership, lichens can thrive in harsh environments such as mountaintops and polar regions. The more familiar lichens grow slowly as crusty patches, but lichens are found in a variety of forms, such as the tall, plantlike reindeer moss. The association between the different organisms in a lichen is so close that lichens are routinely referred to as a single organism, and scientists classify lichens using the name of the fungal component.

(Definitions from: American Heritage Science Dictionary)

 
State Rank

This numeric rank provides the relative rarity for each species based on a scale from 1 (very rare) to 5 (common). These ranks carry no legal status.

  • S1 - Typically 5 or fewer occurrences, very few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or some factor of its biology making it especially vulnerable in the state.
  • S2 - Typically 6 to 20 occurrences, few remaining individuals, acres, or miles of stream, or factors demonstrably making it very vulnerable in the state.
  • S3 - Typically 21 to 100 occurrences, limited acreage, or miles of stream in the state.
  • S4 - Apparently secure in the state.
  • S5 - Demonstrably secure in the state.
  • SE - State exotic or non-native.
  • SH - Historically known from the state, but not seen in the past 15 years.
  • SNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. This is mainly those species which are now excluded from flora for various reasons.
  • SNR - Not yet ranked.
  • SX - Apparently extirpated from the state.
 
Global Rank

Each species' global rank is determined by NatureServe. These ranks carry no legal weight. The global rank reflects the species worldwide rarity.

  • G1 - Critically imperiled globally because of extreme rarity (5 or fewer occurrences), or very few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or especially vulnerable to extinction because of some factor of its biology.
  • G2 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
  • G3 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
  • G4 - Imperiled globally because of rarity (6 - 20 occurrences, or few remaining acres, or miles of stream) or very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range because of other factors.
  • G5 - Demonstrably secure globally, though it may be quite rare in parts of its range, especially at the periphery.
  • GH - Historically known, with the expectation that it might be rediscovered.
  • GNA - Species for which a rank is not applicable. NatureServe does not typically rank hybrid species.
  • GNR - Not yet ranked.
  • GX - Species believed to be extinct.
 
Associated Ecological Communities
 
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Definition: Vouchered Specimen

A voucher specimen is a pressed and thoroughly dried plant sample deposited in a herbarium, and is intended to be a permanent record supporting research purposes. A voucher may be a record of a plant's occurrence in a particular area, or a specific example of a plant used in a scientific investigation.

Proper vouchers display all the necessary attributes for complete identification of the plant, and are to be accompanied by accurate locality, habitat, collection time, and collector data.

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