Contains 10 accepted taxa overall.
Characteristics
Classification
Citation
RUELLIA Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 634. 1573.
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TYPE: Ruellia tuberosa Linnaeus Lectotypified by Britton & A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S., ed. 2. 3: 241. 1913.
Species
| Scientific Name | Common Name | Herbarium Specimens | Status | Photos |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ruellia blechum | BROWNE'S BLECHUM; GREEN SHRIMP PLANT | Not Native FACW (NWPL) Y | ||
| Ruellia brevifolia | TROPICAL WILD PETUNIA | Not Native | ||
| Ruellia caroliniensis | CAROLINA WILD PETUNIA | Native FACU (NWPL) FAC (DEP) | ||
| Ruellia ciliatiflora | HAIRYFLOWER WILD PETUNIA | Not Native | ||
| Ruellia ciliosa | CILIATE WILD PETUNIA | Native | ||
| Ruellia dipteracanthus | Not Native | |||
| Ruellia noctiflora | NIGHTFLOWERING WILD PETUNIA | Native Endangered-State FACW (NWPL) FACW (DEP) | ||
| Ruellia pedunculata subsp. pinetorum | STALKED WILD PETUNIA | Native | ||
| Ruellia simplex | BRITTON'S WILD PETUNIA; MEXICAN BLUEBELL | Not Native FACU (NWPL) Y FAC (DEP) | ||
| Ruellia succulenta | THICKLEAF WILD PETUNIA | Native Endemic |
Identification Key
1. Floral bracts enlarged, overlapping, foliaceous, concealing the flower buds
1. Floral bracts not densely overlapping, not concealing the flower buds
2
2. Inflorescence pedunculate, elongate and many-flowered, the bracts <1/6 as long as the subtending leaves, bracts not foliaceous
3
2. Inflroescence sessile or subsessile or generally appearing so, few-flowered, the bracts foliaceous and >1/6 as long as the subtending leaves
5
3. Corolla red to orangish red
3. Corolla bluish, purple, pink, to white
4
4. Leaves 1.6-3.8 times longer than wide; distal inflorescence branches and calyx densely stipitate-glandular
4. Leaves 3.5-22 times longer than wide; distal inflorescence branches and calyx eglandular to sparsely stipitate-glandular
5. Branches straight or nearly so, mostly at 30-60 angles, the flowers on a distinct branch from the main stem
5. Branches mostly irregular or not straight, the flowers on the main stem or clustered and nearly sessile along the main stem
6
6. Calyx 25-45 mm long; corolla white often with pinkish lines or spots, 6-11 cm long, the tube 4.5-8 cm long
6. Calyx 13-25 mm long; corolla bluish, purple, to pink, rarely white, 2-5 cm long, the tube 1-3 cm long
7
7. Plant leafy and expansive, the internodes mostly shorter than the adjacent leaves, densely hirsute-villous; petiole 4-25 mm long, fairly distinct; leaf blades (2.5)3.5-6 times as long as wide
7. Plant leafy but usually rather small or sparingly branched, the internodes mostly subequal to longer than the adjacent leaves, or subscapose with few leaves, sparingly pubescent to densely villous-hirsute; petiole 0-8 mm long, mostly indistinct and confluent with the leaf blade; leaf blades 1.6-3.8(4.2) times as long as wide
8
8. Plant <20 cm tall or long, with 5(8) or less nodes, usually unbranched, copiously villous-hirsute; leaves chartaceous
8. Plant 5-100 cm tall or long, with 4-20+ nodes, often with branches, glabrate to villous-hirsute; leaves chartaceous to semi-succulent
9
9. Plant sparingly pubescent, erect, to 100 cm tall; leaf blades chartaceous, veins mostly green
9. Plant glabrate to villous-hirsute at least on young parts, trailing or erect to 40 cm tall; leaf blades semi-succulent, veins green to reddish; of southern Florida
10
10. Plant glabrate to sparingly pubescent; leaf veins usually reddish
10. Plant mostly villous-hirsute, at least on young parts; leaf veins greenish
Genus Synonyms
| Synonym | Full Citation | Basionym | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Antheilema | Antheilema Rafinesque, Fl. Tellur. 4: 66. 1838 ("1836"). | TYPE: Antheilema paniculata (Linnaeus) Rafinesque (Ruellia paniculata Linnaeus) | |
| Aphragmia | Aphragmia Nees von Esenbeck, in Lindley, Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2. 444. 1836. | TYPE: Aphragmia haenkei Nees von Esenbeck | |
| Arrhostoxylon | Arrhostoxylon Nees von Esenbeck, in Martius, Fl. Bras. 9: 57, t. 6. 1847. | TYPE: Arrhostoxylon glabrum Nees von Esenbeck (Lectotypified by Bremekamp, Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Tweede Sect. 45(1): 11. 1948. | |
| Blechum | Blechum P. Browne, Civ. Nat. Hist. Jamaica 261. 1756. | TYPE: Blechum brownei Jussieu 1807. (Ruellia blechum Linnaeus 1759.) | |
| Copioglossa | Copioglossa Miers, Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 3: 294. 1863. | TYPE: Copioglossa pilosa Miers | |
| Cryphiacanthus | Cryphiacanthus Nees von Esenbeck, Index Sem. Hort. Vratisl. 1841; Linnaea 16: 298. 1842. | TYPE: Cryphiacanthus barbadensis Nees von Esenbeck, nom. illegit. (Ruellia tuberosa Linnaeus) = Ruellia Linnaeus 1753, by lectotypification. | |
| Dipteracanthus | Dipteracanthus Nees von Esenbeck, in Wallich, Pl. Asiat. Rar. 3: 75, 81. 1832. | TYPE: Dipteracanthus prostratus (Poiret) Nees von Esenbeck (Ruellia prostrata Poiret) Lectotypified by Bremekamp, Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Tweede Sect. 45(1): 15. 1948. | |
| Dizygandra | Dizygandra Meisner, Pl. Vasc. Gen. 1: 294; 2: 203. 1840. | TYPE: Dizygandra ovata (Willdenow) Meisner (Ruellia ovata Willdenow) | |
| Eurychanes | Eurychanes Nees von Esenbeck, in Martius, Fl. Bras. 9: 52, t. 3. 1847. | TYPE: Eurychanes verbasciformis Nees von Esenbeck | |
| Fabria | Fabria E. Meyer ex Nees von Esenbeck, in de Candolle, Prodr. 11: 113. 1847. | TYPE: Fabria pilosa (Linnaeus f.) Nees von Esenbeck (Ruellia pilosa Linnaeus f.) | |
| Gymnacanthus | Gymnacanthus Oersted, Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjoebenhavn 1854: 126. 1855, non Nees von Esenbeck 1836. | TYPE: Gymnacanthus geminiflorus (Kunth) Oersted (Ruellia geminiflora Kunth) | |
| Gymnacanthus | Gymnacanthus Nees von Esenbeck, in Lindley, Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2. 444. 1836. | TYPE: Gymnacanthus petiolaris Nees von Esenbeck | |
| Holtzendorffia | Holtzendorffia Klotzsch & H. Karsten ex Nees von Esenbeck, in de Candolle, Prodr. 11: 727. 1847. | TYPE: Holtzendorffia caracasana Klotzsch & H. Karsten ex Nees von Esenbeck | |
| Homotropium | Homotropium Nees von Esenbeck, in Martius, Fl. Bras. 9: 47, t. 2. 1847. | TYPE: Homotropium erythrorhizum Nees von Esenbeck | |
| Neowedia | Neowedia Schrader, Goett. Gel. Anz. 1821: 706. 1821. | TYPE: Neowedia speciosa Schrader Lectotpyified by Bremekamp, Index Nom. Gen. 1/01767. 1956. | |
| Ophthalmacanthus | Ophthalmacanthus Nees von Esenbeck, in de Candolle, Prodr. 11: 219. 1847. | TYPE: Non designatus. | |
| Pattersonia | Pattersonia J. F. Gmelin, Syst. Nat. 2: 888, 925. 1792. | TYPE: Pattersonia caroliniensis J. F. Gmelin | |
| Pentstemonacanthus | Pentstemonacanthus Nees von Esenbeck, in Martius, Fl. Bras. 9: 159. 1847. | TYPE: Pentstemonacanthus modestus Nees von Esenbeck | |
| Salpingacanthus | Salpingacanthus S. Moore, J. Bot. 42: 107. 1904. | TYPE: Salpingacanthus nobilis S. Moore | |
| Sclerocalyx | Sclerocalyx Nees von Esenbeck, in Bentham, Bot. Voy. Sulphur 145. 1846. | TYPE: Sclerocalyx mexicanus Nees von Esenbeck | |
| Scorodoxylum | Scorodoxylum Nees von Esenbeck, in Bentham, Pl. Hartw. 236. 1846. | TYPE: Scorodoxylum hartwegianum Nees von Esenbeck | |
| Siphonacanthus | Siphonacanthus Nees von Esenbeck, in Martius, Fl. Bras. 9: 45, t. 1. 1847. | TYPE: Siphonacanthus villosus Nees von Esenbeck | |
| Solaenacanthus | Solaenacanthus Oersted, Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjoebenhavn 1854: 122. 1855. | TYPE: Solaenacanthus longiflorus (Vahl) Oersted (Ruellia longiflora Vahl) | |
| Stemonacanthus | Stemonacanthus Nees von Esenbeck, in Martius, Fl. Bras. 9: 53, t. 4. 1847. | TYPE: Stemonacanthus salviifolius Nees von Esenbeck Lectotypified by Leonard, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 66. 1951. | |
| Stephanophysum | Stephanophysum Pohl, Pl. Bras. Icon. Descr. 2: 83, t. 155-156. 1831 ("1830"). | TYPE: Stephanophysum longifolium Pohl Lectotypified by Bremekamp, Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Tweede Sect. 45(1): 13. 1948. | |
| Tremacanthus | Tremacanthus S. Moore, J. Bot. 42: 33. 1904. | TYPE: Tremacanthus robertii S. Moore | |
| Ulleria | Ulleria Bremekamp, Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Ser. C. 72: 423. 1969. | TYPE: Ulleria geminiflora (Kunth) Bremekamp (Ruellia geminiflora Kunth) |